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Water, as it washes over rock and through the soil, picks up minerals including salts and other minerals. The water flows downhill until it reaches the oceans.

The water only has a little bit of the dissolved mineral, but after it mixes with the ocean the water evaporates leaving the minerals behind. Slowly, over the history of the earth, minerals in the oceans have become more concentrate until they get to the concentration that they have now.

As to where the water that now fills the sea come from in the first place, there are two probable sources for the majority of the water:
  • The first is that water (as ice) was in the rubble that collected in the early solar system that eventually Accumulated to form the Earth. Studies indicate that water was present on Earth almost from its beginning son 4.4 Gyr ago.
  • The second is that the original water was supplemented by icy comets crashing into the earth soon after its formation.
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