How do mountains affect the water cycle?

Answer 1

When winds blow rain-bearing clouds towards mountains the clouds are forced to rise. As atmospheric pressure becomes lower the clouds are forced to drop their rain. This is why rain generally falls on the windward side of a mountain range. This precipitation is an essential part of the water cycle.

Answer 2

Mountains play a crucial role in the water cycle by capturing moisture from the atmosphere, which then falls as precipitation (rain or snow) on their slopes. This process, known as orographic precipitation, helps replenish rivers and streams with water. Additionally, mountains can act as natural barriers that force air masses to rise, cool, and release precipitation.