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Satellites transmit signals using highly directional electromagnetic waves.

Electromagnetic waves are used all the time in today's technology; microwaves use microwaves which are the same as mobile phones, televisions use ultrahigh frequency waves, visible light is in fact electromagnetic waves.....

Where our mobile phones use multi-directional antenna satellites use parabolic dishes to produce unidirectional signals which are transmitted to receiver stations on the earth. A sky box is an example of one such receiver where only a download link can be established, i.e you cannot use your set top box to control the satellite.

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In Addition (added by another user)

Microwaves are used because their wavelength is long and thin, they don't refract much making them accurate. Furthermore, radio waves cannot be used as when under 30 MHz they reflect of the ionosphere and if they are above, their wavelength makes them refract too much. Strong signal strengths are needed as when above 30 GHz things like rain, dust etc reduce signal strength.

Hope this helped.

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15y ago

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