How do sunspots promineneces flares and CMEs effects earth?

Answer 1

The Sun's activity varies, sometimes being hotter, sometimes being colder. The amount of activity on the sun has been measured for over 2000 years by observing spots on the Sun's surface. The more active the Sun is, the more of these spots appear on the surface. During these periods of heavy solar activity, the sun is a little bit hotter and the sun ejects more material off its surface. This has a minor effect on temperature of the Earth and the other planets.

It will be a mistake to believe that the number of sunspots on any particular day determines that day's temperature. Solar activity may increase the heating of the Earth, but the Earth's temperature does not respond instantly. There are also other important factors that effect the Earth's temperature, including the changes in the tilt of the Earth (called precession, over tens of thousands of years) and the accumulation of dust in the atmosphere from volcanoes or meteor impact (which only last for a couple years).

In the last several years, sunspots have been at an unprecedented minimum, and yet the Earth's temperature is near its highest in recorded history. Clearly global warming cannot simply be attributed to an 11 year sun cycle.

Answer 2

The question of how - and IF - sunspots affect the climate here on Earth is still a matter of some dispute. Some scientists believe that the effect of sunspots on the Earth must be minuscule. Other scientists observe that when the Sun has few or no sunspots for long periods of time, the Earth experiences markedly cooler weather.

While it is true that the "Maunder Minimum" (a 70-year period of VERY low sunspot activity) happened just prior to the "Little Ice Age" in Europe, there is not yet a widely accepted mechanism proposed that would explain the connection between sunspots and warmer temperatures. Until some mechanism to explain this is proposed, the issue of sunspots and climate must remain open.

For myself, I believe that the statistical correlation between sunspots and temperature is very suggestive; but it is not proof.

Answer 3

We're not sure why, but when there are very few sunspots during the 11-year "sunspot cycle", or when that cycle slows down, we experience colder than usual weather here on Earth.

We've only been tracking sunspots for about 400 years; before then, nobody knew to look for them, or were able to. The sunspot cycle which began last year is Cycle 24. There have been two extended periods of few or no sunspots; one was the Maunder Minimum, from 1645 to 1715, and the Dalton Minimum, from 1790 to 1830. The Maunder Minimum coincides with a period known as the "Little Ice Age", and during the Dalton Minimum the recorded temperatures were perhaps 2-3 degrees below normal.

Periods of increased sunspot activities appear to be associated with slightly higher than normal temperatures.

Answer 4

Sunspots can lead to increased solar flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs). Solar flares can disrupt radio communications and satellite operations on Earth, while CMEs can cause geomagnetic storms that may impact power grids and disrupt satellite navigation systems. Additionally, solar prominences can release solar material into space, potentially affecting Earth's magnetosphere and causing auroras.

Answer 5

The primary affect on the Earth is on our ionosphere

Answer 6

It interferes with radio transmissions and reception. It is possible for them to cause havoc.

Answer 7

They create the Aurora borealis by reacting with the magnetic poles.