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There is no uniform constant for the solubilities of gases in liquids. Each compound has a solubility unique to itself. However, the general rule of thumb is that "like dissolves like." Water is a polar molecule, therefore it will readily dissolve polar gases such as hydrogen chloride gas (HCl). When this happens hydrochloric acid is formed. Carbon dioxide (CO2) is what is dissolved in water to yield the weak acid carbonic acid, which is also what gives soda its fizz. Because CO2 is not polar it does not dissolve in water very well. Only 0.145 grams of CO2 can be dissolved in 100 mL of water compared to HCl's 72g/100mL. Carbon dioxide would more willingly dissolve in a solvent such as benzene because benzene is nonpolar just like CO2.
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How will you know if a compound will precipitate after a substitution reaction?
Check if any of the possible products are insoluble in the solvent you are using. In other words, mix each type of anion with each type of cation and look at the solubility of each combination. If any of these compounds are insoluble, than it will precipitate out.
What principle is the process of extraction based?
The process of extraction is based on the principle of separating a desired compound from a mixture by using a solvent that selectively dissolves the compound of interest. This is achieved by taking advantage of differences in solubility between the desired compound and the rest of the mixture.
Suppose you were given an unknown liquid and asked to determine if it was an element a compound or a mixture What would you do How would this help you find out what it was?
If I was given an unknown liquid and asked to determine if it was an element, a compound, or a mixture I would heat the unknown liquid up to see if any compounds separated from the unknown liquid. After that I would get a microscope and look to see if it is a pure element. Then I would get a Platelet separation machine and put the liquid in the machine to see if the liquid separated. Thats how I would determine if the an unknown liquid is an element, a compound, or a mixture.
What instrument would be best to determine how different oxidation states affect the mass of a carbon based compound?
Mass spectrometry would be the best instrument to determine how different oxidation states affect the mass of a carbon based compound. Mass spectrometry is capable of accurately measuring the mass-to-charge ratio of ions, allowing for the identification of the compound and its various oxidation states based on their mass differences.
What is the principle of shake-flask extraction?
Shake-flask extraction is a liquid-liquid extraction technique used to separate compounds based on their solubility in two immiscible liquids, typically water and an organic solvent. In this process, a mixture containing the target compound is placed in a flask along with the organic solvent, and the flask is shaken to promote mixing. The target compounds preferentially dissolve in one of the phases, allowing for their separation from the other components in the mixture. After shaking, the two phases separate, and the desired compound can be collected from the phase in which it is more soluble.
How will you know if a compound will precipitate after a substitution reaction?
Check if any of the possible products are insoluble in the solvent you are using. In other words, mix each type of anion with each type of cation and look at the solubility of each combination. If any of these compounds are insoluble, than it will precipitate out.
What principle is the process of extraction based?
The process of extraction is based on the principle of separating a desired compound from a mixture by using a solvent that selectively dissolves the compound of interest. This is achieved by taking advantage of differences in solubility between the desired compound and the rest of the mixture.
Suppose you were given an unknown liquid and asked to determine if it was an element a compound or a mixture What would you do How would this help you find out what it was?
If I was given an unknown liquid and asked to determine if it was an element, a compound, or a mixture I would heat the unknown liquid up to see if any compounds separated from the unknown liquid. After that I would get a microscope and look to see if it is a pure element. Then I would get a Platelet separation machine and put the liquid in the machine to see if the liquid separated. Thats how I would determine if the an unknown liquid is an element, a compound, or a mixture.
How are mass calculations used?
Mass percentage calculations determine the percentage of an element based on mass in a compound. This can then be used to determine the percentage in a compound of each individual element.
Can sublimation extraction decantation filtration or evaporation be used to separate the elements found in a compound?
Yes, sublimation can separate a mixture based on differences in volatility. Extraction can separate compounds based on differences in solubility. Decantation separates solid particles from a liquid phase. Filtration separates a solid from a liquid or a gas. Evaporation separates a solute from a solvent based on differences in boiling points.
Whayt is the definition of Non halogenated volatiles?
The definition of non-halogenated volatiles is a compound where a halogen is not attached. They are mainly analysed based on their solubility in water.Ê
How can one determine the oxidation number of an element in a chemical compound?
To determine the oxidation number of an element in a chemical compound, you need to follow these steps: Identify the element in the compound. Determine the common oxidation states for that element. Assign the oxidation number based on the compound's overall charge and known rules for assigning oxidation numbers. By following these steps, you can accurately determine the oxidation number of an element in a chemical compound.
How can one determine the formula of a compound?
To determine the formula of a compound, one can analyze the elements present in the compound and their respective ratios. This can be done through experimental methods such as chemical analysis or through calculations based on the compound's properties. The formula is typically represented by the simplest whole number ratio of atoms of each element in the compound.
Formulae to separate ergotamine from caffeine?
To separate ergotamine from caffeine, one effective method is liquid-liquid extraction, utilizing a solvent that selectively dissolves one compound over the other based on their solubility properties. Ergotamine, being more polar, can be extracted using a polar solvent, while caffeine, which is less polar, remains in the aqueous phase. Additionally, chromatography techniques, such as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), can be employed to achieve further separation based on differences in their chemical interactions with the stationary phase.
What is liquid used in chromatography called?
The liquid used in chromatography is called the mobile phase. It is responsible for carrying the sample through the stationary phase, allowing for the separation of components based on different properties like solubility and polarity.
What is the rule used to predict the precipitate?
Whatever the precipitate is, it's not water-soluble. It's best to refer to a solubility table for this, but some general rules are: all nitrates are soluble, most chlorides and sulfates are soluble, few carbonates and hydroxides are soluble.
How can one determine acidity based on the structure of a compound?
One can determine acidity based on the structure of a compound by looking at the presence of acidic functional groups, such as carboxylic acids or phenols, which can easily release hydrogen ions (H). The more easily a compound can release H ions, the stronger its acidity. Additionally, the stability of the resulting conjugate base after the release of H can also indicate the acidity of a compound.
