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physical

chemical

biological

Physical weathering breaks rocks down into smaller pieces. Types of physical weathering include frost wedging, exfoliation, and thermal expansion.

Chemical weathering breaks rocks down chemically adding or removing chemical elements, and changes them into other materials. Chemical weathering consists of chemical reactions, most of which involve water. Types of chemical weathering include:

dissolution

hydrolysis

oxidation

Biological weathering is the breakdown of rock caused by the action of living organisms, including plants, burrowing animals, and lichen (a crusty, rubbery, light green organic material that grows in patches on rocks as well as on wood). Lichen is a combination of fungus and algae, living together in a symbiotic relationship. Lichens can live on bare rock, and they break down rocks by secreting acids and other chemicals. The fungal part of the association secretes the acids, which react to dissolve the minerals, which are then used by the algae. Later, water seeps into the crevices etched by the acid, and assists in the breakdown through freezing (frost-wedging) and chemical weathering.

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What are the three weathering?

The three types of weathering are physical, chemical, and biological. Physical weathering involves the breakdown of rocks into smaller pieces without changing their composition. Chemical weathering occurs when minerals in rocks are dissolved or altered by chemical reactions. Biological weathering is the breakdown of rocks by living organisms like plants or animals.


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