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To calculate tension in a cable, take the mass of the section of cable and consider the force applied straight downward due to the acceleration of gravity. Divide that by two because the cable is supported at both ends. That is the force applied to one support in a downward direction. Now, consider the angle of the cable relative to vertical at the support. Using simple vector analysis, determine the force in the direction of the cable. That is the tension of the cable.

If you also calculate the horizontal force vector at the support, that would be the force pulling the two supports together, although that is not usually an issue because there is often another section of cable on the opposite side of the support which balances the horizontal force vector.

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