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Number of electrons = number of protons = atomic number
Mass number - number of neutrons = number of protons = number of electrons
An ion will either have more or less electrons than protons, thereby making it a charged particle. It is "charged" because there is an abundance of electrons or protons that creates a positive or negative charge. The reason an atom loses or gains electrons to become a charged particle (ion: cation or anion) lies in the octet rule (see related question below).
Ions are written with their charge in superscript after the elemental symbol: Li+, Mg+2, Cl-, K+, etc. The number indicates the number of protons or electrons that outnumber the opposite subatomic particle. For example, Mg+2 indicates that there are two more protons than electrons, creating a positive "2" charge. (If no number is given, then it is given that there is "one" more proton or electron).
So if we know how many more or less electrons there are than protons, all we need to do is find the number of protons to compare it with. In the example above, there are two less electrons than protons in the magnesium ion. If all magnesium ions contain 12 protons, then there would have to be 10 electrons in the ion.
To simplify:
Number of protons (or atomic number) - charge of ion = number of electrons
What else can I help you with?
If an atom has 19 protons and 20 neutrons how much electrons does it have?
It depends. From the given information about the number of protons, we can be sure that we are talking about potassium. The number of neutrons in this case won't matter. If the question emphasizes "atom" then we can be sure that the particle is neutral. Then we know that for the particle to be neutral, it has to have the same number of electrons as protons. However, potassium will not stay neutral for long if given a chance. It will lose an electron when bonding with others, to eventually have 18.
If the atomic number of an Atom is 11 how many electrons does Atom have?
You cannot know for sure withoutmore information. An electrically neutral sodium atom (sodium has at. no. 11) will have the same number of electrons as protons; atomic number tells you the number of protons, so this atom has 11 protons and would have 11 electrons if electrically neutral, however, if the atom is charged, it could have more or fewer electrons. Sodium atoms in stars are highly ionized and may have just a few if any any electrons.
What is the mass number of an ion with 107 electrons and a 1 charge?
Mass number is the sum of the number of protons (atomic number) and neutrons in the nuclei of the atoms of an isotope of a particular element. The information given can be used to find the number of protons, which is 106. You can know this because in a neutral atom, the numbers of protons and electrons are the same. So you take away the single extra electron in the ion, and you get 106 electrons in the now neutral atom. So if there are 106 electrons, there are also 106 protons. However, you still cannot determine the mass number because the number of neutrons has not been given.
The negatively charged particle that rotates the nucleus of an atom is know as?
An electron.
What is the maximum number of electrons needed in a cation?
In order for it to be a cation, the maximum number of electrons it can have is one less than the number of protons. I don't know what "needed" means in this context, but hopefully that answers what you were trying to ask.
Can you find an element if you only know the number of electrons in a neutral atom?
Yes. In a neutral atom, the +ve and -ve charges will be equal. Electrons are negatively charged, and protons have an equal and opposite positive charge. Therefore the proton number will equal the electron number. Elements are classified by their Atomic number, and this equals the proton number. So if you had a neutral atom with 6 elements, you know it has 6 protons in the nucleus and an atomic number of 6 - Carbon.
If an atom has 19 protons and 20 neutrons how much electrons does it have?
It depends. From the given information about the number of protons, we can be sure that we are talking about potassium. The number of neutrons in this case won't matter. If the question emphasizes "atom" then we can be sure that the particle is neutral. Then we know that for the particle to be neutral, it has to have the same number of electrons as protons. However, potassium will not stay neutral for long if given a chance. It will lose an electron when bonding with others, to eventually have 18.
If you know the number of electrons in a neutral atom can you determine what the element is?
Yes, in a neutral atom the number of electrons and protons is equal, and it is the number of protons that determines what element the atom is. So, by looking at the number of electrons you can tell what element it is.
How do you find the number of protons or electrons in a neutral atom of an element?
The number of protons in an atom is equal to the atomic number of the element, which can be found on the periodic table. Since atoms are electrically neutral, the number of electrons in a neutral atom is also equal to the number of protons.
How do you find the number of electrons in an atom if you know the number of protons and neutrons?
In a neutral atom, the number of electrons is equal to the number of protons of the nucleus.
An atom has no electrical charge because of what?
As you know, an atom consists of an electron, a neutron, and a proton.The electron revolves around its nucleus due to nuclear force.The electron has a negative charge and the proton in the nucleus, has a positive charge.Therefore, a negative charge and a positive charge cancel each other out.(Same as + and - makes 0).Therefore an atom is overall neutral in nature.
How do you know the number of electrons in a neutral atom?
The number of electrons in a neutral atom is equal to the number of protons in the nucleus. This is because in a neutral atom, the positive charge from protons in the nucleus is balanced by the negative charge from electrons orbiting around the nucleus.
How many total electrons are present if the atom is electrically neutral in chlorine?
A neutral chlorine atom has 17 electrons. You can know this because chlorine's atomic number is 17, which is the number of protons in the nuclei of its atoms, and a neutral atom has equal numbers of electrons and protons.
How can atomic number be used to find the numbers of protons electrons and nuetron's?
The atomic number is the number of protons and therefore, assuming the atom is neutral, the number of electrons. You would need to additionally know the atomic mass to figure out the number of neutrons.
What do you need to know to find the numbers of protons in an atom?
the protons are the same number of electrons in a neutral atom and they aren't changeable but different signal
How do you find number of electrons in periodic table or how do you calculate the number of electrons?
A neutral atom has the same number of electrons as it does protons. The atomic numbers on the periodic table for each element are the number of protons. So, look up the element on the periodic table, note its atomic number, and you will then know the number of protons and electrons in a neutral atom of that element. For example, magnesium (Mg) has atomic number 12. So a neutral Mg atom would have 12 protons and 12 electrons.
If a neutral atom of sodium has 11 protons how many electrons does it have?
An element with 11 protons will have atomic number 11, or sodium. If the element has 11 neutrons, then it has an atomic mass of 11+11 = 22. Therefore, the isotope Sodium-22 has 11 protons, neutrons, and electrons.
