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There are two different techniques that have been developed to separate these isotopes. Bear in mind that they are chemically identical - all the chemical reactions they undergo are the same - and they differ only by weight, and the weight difference is just a bit over one percent, so it is not much to work with. The separation is done with either an extremely powerful centrifuge, or by the gaseous diffusion method, in which uranium is turned into a gas by combining it with fluorine, and the uranium fluoride is passed through a series of Teflon membranes; the heavier form does not pass through as quickly as the lighter form, so you get a gradually increasing concentration of uranium 235. Both techniques are difficult and expensive.

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