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🧪 Capillary Tube Method (Melting Point Apparatus Method) — Common in Labs

Materials:

Dry powdered sample

Capillary tube (sealed at one end)

Melting point apparatus or oil bath

Thermometer or digital display

Steps:

Prepare the sample: Crush the solid if necessary into a fine powder for uniform heating.

Fill the capillary tube: Tap some of the powder into the open end of the capillary tube until it's about 2–3 mm high.

Insert the tube into the apparatus:

Place the capillary tube in the melting point apparatus.

If using an oil bath, secure the tube next to a thermometer for temperature reading.

Heat gradually: Slowly increase the temperature (around 1–2 °C per minute as you approach the expected melting point).

Observe carefully:

Start of melting: Note the temperature when the solid just begins to liquefy.

End of melting: Note the temperature when the substance is completely melted.

The melting point is typically reported as a range (e.g., 120–122 °C).

🔬 Digital Melting Point Devices (Modern Labs)

These devices automatically detect the melting point using built-in cameras and sensors.

More accurate and user-friendly but more expensive.

📝 Important Notes

A pure compound melts over a narrow range (1–2 °C).

An impure compound will melt over a broader and lower range.

Always repeat the test to confirm accuracy.See more..

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hzmd ahan

Lvl 2
2w ago

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