Am aah if let us say a the closest moon of Jupiter would be protected by Jupiter because the gravitational pull would pull the asteroid closer
Because of its mass, Jupiter has likely collided with more asteroids, planetesimals, comets and other small bodies than any other planet in the Solar system. The asteroid belt only gets as close to Jupiter as it does because Jupiter has perturbed the orbits of all asteroids that were closer to Jupiter, either impacting directly, locking them into orbit of Jupiter to become a moon, or causing the asteroids to slingshot away. Many millions of years in the past, there were a lot more asteroids, and they were not confined to the asteroid belt, but the gravitational pull of Jupiter and the other planets have "swept" most of the solar system of these small bodies.
The Asteroid Belt orbits between Mars and Jupiter, at about 3 AU. There are several objects not properly classified as asteroids orbiting within the belt, mainly the dwarf planet Ceres and the protoplanets Vesta and Pallas.
The small planets that orbit between Mars and Jupiter are primarily known as the asteroids, which make up the asteroid belt. This region contains a vast number of rocky bodies, with Ceres being the largest and classified as a dwarf planet. Other notable asteroids include Vesta, Pallas, and Hygiea, among many others. These celestial objects vary in size and composition, providing insights into the early solar system.
The Sun is a star at the center of the solar system, providing heat and light to the planets. The eight planets vary in size, composition, and distance from the Sun, with Mercury being the smallest planet closest to the Sun and Neptune being the farthest gas giant. Moons orbit many of the planets, with some having more than others. For example, Jupiter has the most moons in the solar system. Asteroids and comets also exist in the solar system, with asteroids being rocky and comets being icy.
Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars are the 4 inner planets (terrestrial planets). Although none of them have planetary rings of their own, surrounding them is the Asteroid Belt. Asteroids are chunks of rock and and dust particles that in the the creation of the sun, never grew big enough to be classified as planets. However, if you are asking about planetary rings, then the 4 gas giants, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune have those, Saturn's rings being the largest, of course.
Jupiter doesn't stop other planets from being hit by asteroids. It's actually raises the stakes. Jupiter takes cosmic debris into it's orbit and sometimes launches it at other planets. (including Earth!) Although in some cases Jupiter takes the cosmic debris/asteroids and launches them away from the planets. It's kinda like a cosmic game of dodgeball, lol.
In between the planets Mars and Jupiter is a feature called the Asteroid Belt, which is a large area of asteroids, or space rocks. Some of these asteroids are hundreds of miles in diameter, and some are just boulder-sized. Some have regular orbits like the planets, others have orbits that are highly eccentric and actually cross the orbits of other planets like Earth, which means that collisions are possible. Dozens of these asteroids have actually been captured by the planets Jupiter and Saturn and are now natural satellites of those planets. Other asteroids are gravitationally "nudged" by planets occassionally during their trek around the sun. There are several theories about their existence, including them being the remnant of a failed planet that tried to form during the earliest part of our Solar System's history. Asteroids have been portrayed inaccurately in media; if you could travel through the Asteroid Belt, you would likely never even see one. Despite the large number of asteroids, the space they occupy is vast, and they are widely scattered.
Because of its mass, Jupiter has likely collided with more asteroids, planetesimals, comets and other small bodies than any other planet in the Solar system. The asteroid belt only gets as close to Jupiter as it does because Jupiter has perturbed the orbits of all asteroids that were closer to Jupiter, either impacting directly, locking them into orbit of Jupiter to become a moon, or causing the asteroids to slingshot away. Many millions of years in the past, there were a lot more asteroids, and they were not confined to the asteroid belt, but the gravitational pull of Jupiter and the other planets have "swept" most of the solar system of these small bodies.
The Asteroid Belt orbits between Mars and Jupiter, at about 3 AU. There are several objects not properly classified as asteroids orbiting within the belt, mainly the dwarf planet Ceres and the protoplanets Vesta and Pallas.
Asteroids, by definition, are much smaller than planets. That's one reason why they are mostly shaped irregular, unlike planets which are close to being round. The round shape is due to the increased mass (or weight) and only large masses tend to be round due to gravity.
Like all orbiting bodies, an asteroid moves in an ellipse. Compared to the planets, these orbits have a higher probability of being more eccentric ("stretched out", further from being a circle). That is why some asteroids cross the orbit of the earth. Most asteroids move in near-circular orbits between Mars and Jupiter. A close approach to another asteroid or one of these planets can alter the orbit to a more eccentric one.
The Sun is a star at the center of the solar system, providing heat and light to the planets. The eight planets vary in size, composition, and distance from the Sun, with Mercury being the smallest planet closest to the Sun and Neptune being the farthest gas giant. Moons orbit many of the planets, with some having more than others. For example, Jupiter has the most moons in the solar system. Asteroids and comets also exist in the solar system, with asteroids being rocky and comets being icy.
For an object to be a planet it has to : orbit the sun, has enough mass to assume a rounded shape, and clear any objects in its path. Some planets (such as Pluto) are no longer planets because they do not fit the criteria above. They are then usually classed as dwarf planets. Asteroids are small pieces of rock which orbit the sun. These are much too small to become planets/dwarf planets and also don't fit the criteria above. Hope this helps :)
Objects that orbit a planet are called moons or satellites, they are not planets. Both Mars and Jupiter have moons; Jupiter has a lot more than Mars does, and some of them are quite large, too. The two moons of Mars, Phobos and Deimos, are relatively small, perhaps even tiny.
An infinite number of planets have more than one moon. Of the planets in our solar system, 3 (Mars, Saturn, and Jupiter), have more than one moon. Mars has two moons, Jupiter has at least 63, and Saturn has 60 not counting the asteroids that make up its rings.
They are not protected from collisions. What helps is that the average distance between asteroids is immense, such that one asteroid is not likely visible to the naked eye to the next nearest asteroid. There is so much space between asteroids the ships generally pass through without any problem. Actually, the rings of Saturn are also so tenuous that the Cassini spacecraft has passed through them with no ill effect, and they are MUCH denser than the asteroid belt.
Mars and Saturn are the planets with orbits closest to Jupiter. However, if they are on the other side of the sun from Jupirer, the planet actually closest to Jupiter could end up being Neptune, Earth, or another planet depending on where each is in its orbit.