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There are 4 main processes of erosion:

1) Hydraulic action: The sheer force of the river water removes loose material from the bed and banks of the river. It is most effective on the banks and can lead to undercutting and collapse.

2) Corrasion (not corrosion) / abrasion: This is the wearing away of the bed and banks by the river's load. The load can vary from small particles of clay and sand to large boulders. This is the main type of erosion in most rivers.

3) Attrition: When pieces of rock are broken away form the bed and banks, the edges are usually sharp. However, in swirling water rocks and stones collide with each other and with the bed and banks. Over time the sharp edges become smooth and the pieces of rock become smaller in size.

4) Solution: Some rocks, such as limestone, dissolve slowly in river water which contains dissolved carbon dioxide from the air.

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