How does fern get rid of waste?

Answer 1

Ferns primarily manage waste through a process called transpiration, where they release water vapor through small openings on their leaves called stomata. Additionally, they utilize their roots to absorb nutrients and can excrete excess salts and other waste products through specialized cells. The breakdown of organic materials within the plant also helps in managing waste, allowing for the recycling of nutrients. Overall, ferns efficiently balance nutrient uptake and waste elimination to thrive in their environments.