Thyroid hormone, produced by the thyroid gland, plays a key role in regulating metabolic rate by controlling the body's energy production and consumption. Another hormone that affects metabolic rate is adrenaline, which is released by the adrenal glands in response to stress or danger, increasing energy expenditure and promoting the breakdown of stored nutrients for fuel.
Compounds such as reactive oxygen species (ROS), including hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anions, can attack oxygen-dependent tissues, particularly those with high metabolic rates like the brain and heart. These tissues are sensitive due to their reliance on oxygen for energy production and their limited antioxidant defenses. Additionally, compounds like nitric oxide can also affect these tissues by influencing vascular function and cellular signaling. Prolonged exposure to these reactive compounds can lead to oxidative stress, resulting in cellular damage and dysfunction.
Yes, gene mutations can affect metabolism by altering the function of enzymes involved in metabolic pathways. This can result in metabolic disorders that impact the body's ability to process nutrients and produce energy efficiently.
Factors that can affect the amount of nutrients an organism needs include age, gender, activity level, health status, pregnancy or lactation, and environmental conditions. Additionally, genetic factors, metabolic rate, and individual variability in nutrient requirements can also impact the amount of nutrients needed to maintain homeostasis.
Temperature is not typically used to determine metabolic activity, as metabolism is more directly influenced by factors such as enzyme activity, substrate availability, and hormonal regulation. Temperature can indirectly affect metabolic rate by influencing enzyme function and reaction rates.
Mitochondrial myopathies typically affect tissues with high energy demands, such as skeletal muscles, heart muscles, and the central nervous system. Symptoms may include muscle weakness, exercise intolerance, and neurological problems due to impaired energy production.
ventricles
muscle size
the baby and the mother
Two factors that can affect a person's energy requirements are their basal metabolic rate (BMR), which is the amount of energy needed to maintain basic bodily functions at rest, and their level of physical activity. People with higher BMRs or more active lifestyles will generally require more energy to support their daily activities.
Alcohol has no affect on metabolism; metabolism breaks alcohol down in the body.
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Gender, age, and body shapes/sizes can affect a person's metabolic rate. ***Apex: All of the above
by making the tissues unhealthy
Environmental factors like dirt can poorly affect the health of the lung tissues if inhaled. These particles will agitate the tissue.
Hormones affect specific tissues called target tissues or target cells. These tissues have receptors that bind to hormones, triggering a response or change in cellular activity.
Thyroxine and Triiodothyronine