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In the model of an atom, there is a nucleus surrounded by electrons. Each set of electrons is in a different orbital, and the number of orbitals depends on the atom itself. These orbitals all have different energy levels: the further the electron is from the nucleus, the higher it's energy. For electrons to move from one orbital to a higher one, it requires external energy, while for it to move down to a lower energy level, it must give off energy. The energy that it gives off is in the form of a proton, which we see as light.

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