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The surface area of mitochondria and chloroplasts is crucial for their energy output because it directly influences the number of embedded enzymes and protein complexes involved in energy production processes, such as oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria and photosynthesis in chloroplasts. A larger surface area allows for more efficient energy conversion by accommodating more electron transport chain components and light-harvesting pigments. This increased capacity enhances the organelles' ability to generate ATP, thus improving overall energy output for cellular functions.

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2mo ago

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