How does the tilt of Earths axis affect the number of daylight hours and the temperature of the location on Earth?

Answer 1

The tilt on Earth's axis affects the angle at which light from the Sun arrives. Light arriving at an acute or low angle is weaker than light arriving more directly, say, at 90 degrees to a tangent on the Earth's surface. This is why the tropics are hotter; more direct incident solar radiation results in a greater heating effect. Since the Earth rotates on this axis, an effect becomes apparent where you would have more hours of daylight at the point on the Earth where the angle to the Sun is more direct, and fewer hours of night-time, and the opposite effect in the other hemisphere where the angle of the Sun is less favorable - more hours of night, and fewer of daylight. This tilt is what give rise to the seasons: since the Earth also revolves around the Sun in its orbit but the tilt is still oriented in the same direction, the hemisphere with more hours of sunlight will swap. At the very extremes at the poles, it's possible to have entire days of nothing but sunlight or darkness for half a year because of the Earth's tilt.