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Thermoelectricity occurs when a temperature difference across a material generates an electric voltage, a phenomenon known as the Seebeck effect. This happens because charge carriers (electrons or holes) in the material move from the hot side, where they have higher energy, to the cold side, creating a potential difference. Conversely, applying an electric current can create a temperature difference through the Peltier effect. Thermoelectric materials are often used in applications such as power generation and cooling systems due to their ability to convert heat directly into electricity and vice versa.

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5d ago

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