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Arctic falls in the Frigid zone. The areas of the earth is divided in to zones viz torrid zone, frigid zone, temperate zone(both south and northern hemisphere) based on the amount of sunlight it receives.

The presence of arctic is in such a way that it gets minimum sunlight compared to the torrid zone where the exposure to sunlight is maximum.

Areas in torrid zone, temperate zones gets considerable amount of sunlight compared to frigid zone which makes arctic cold and thus leads to formation of ice from water bodies present in arctic.

The same is applicable to both the poles of the earth arctic and antarctic.

While the above is basically correct, it should be noted that these climate zone delineations (frigid, torrid, and temperate) were devised by the Greeks and are terribly simplistic (and very much antiquated) representations of the Earth's climate today!

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