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Geophysicists use seismic defraction and reflection techniques to identify changes in the composition and density of the earth's interior.

The base of the crust is marked by a region of significant change in the velocity of seismic waves. This region is known as the Moho (Mohorovičić discontinuity) and is cuased by the change in compostion of the materials forming the interior of the earth.

Geophysiciscst can measure the travel time of seismic waves through the earth and can use this to estimate the depth of this region and hence the thickness of the crust in different areas.

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