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Essentially a volcano is a type of mountain.

Mountain are formed due to the collision of 2 continental tectonic plates. The compressing or 'converging' plates forms folds in the crust, and if little erosion has occurred to wear down these folds, they eventually continue to rise and may break to form a buildup of 'thrusts', which build on top of each other and form mountain ranges.

Volcanoes typically occur due to the collision of a continental plate and an oceanic plate, where the denser oceanic plate undergoes 'subduction' and slips under the less dense continental plate. The extreme heat and pressure exerted on this subducting oceanic plate, causing uplifting of magma from the earth's mantle, which rises and breaches the surface, creating a volcano.

There must be some fissure or crack in the crust in order for a volcano to form and the magma to rise through, while mountains are simply the crumpling of two landmasses. But keep in mind, that volcanoes may also later become mountains if they become completely dormant and no more lava (magma that has surfaced) is emitted.

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Joe Oberbrunner

Lvl 10
3y ago

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