How is urine buffered in the body?

Answer 1

Urine is buffered in the body primarily through the bicarbonate buffering system, which helps maintain pH balance. When the blood pH decreases (becomes more acidic), bicarbonate ions can neutralize excess hydrogen ions, forming carbonic acid, which can then be converted to carbon dioxide and water. Additionally, the kidneys play a crucial role by excreting hydrogen ions and reabsorbing bicarbonate, thereby regulating the acidity of urine. This dynamic helps ensure that urine pH remains within a relatively narrow range, typically between 4.5 and 8.0.