At its closest, Pluto is about 4.4 billion km (2.7 billion miles) from the Sun. Light travels at about 300,000 km/sec, so it takes about 15,000 seconds, or about 4.2 hr, for light to travel from the Sun to Pluto. At its most distant, Pluto is about 7.4 billion km away, so light takes about 6.8 hr to reach it from the Sun.
Radio waves can travel long distances due to their long wavelengths. These wavelengths allow them to diffract around obstacles and follow the curvature of the Earth, resulting in effective transmission over vast areas. This property makes radio waves ideal for communication technologies, such as broadcasting and satellite signals.
Earth has been broadcasting radio signals into outer space since the late 1800's.
Radio waves travel at essentially the speed of light in space, and that is a known value. So if you know the exact distance between Earth and Pluto, you can divide the distance by the speed to see how long a radio signal from Earth will take to reach there. Of course, during the year the time will vary, because the distance will vary.Average distance of Pluto from the Sun: 5.874 billion kilometersAverage distance of Earth from the Sun: 149.6 million kilometersDistance from Earth to Pluto ~ 5.724 billion kilometersSpeed of radio signal (light): 299792.456 kilometers per secondDividing: 5.724 x 109 / 2.998 x 105 = 1.91 x 104 seconds = 5.3 hours(and of course, to send it and receive a reply would take twice that time)---Absolute closest distance (4.285 billion km) -- 4.0 hoursAbsolute farthest distance (7.463 billion km) -- 6.9 hours
On January 19, 2006 a space probe was launched and sent to Pluto. It was expected to reach Pluto in 2015. So it would take about 9 years to get to Pluto.
Pluto's largest moon is called Charon and it takes 6.39 days to travel around Pluto! It is also the largest moon in comparison to its "parent" planet in the solar system! (about half the size of Pluto)
Radio antennas work by converting electrical signals into electromagnetic waves that can travel through the air. When a radio station transmits a signal, the antenna sends out electromagnetic waves. When a radio receiver picks up these waves, the antenna converts them back into electrical signals that can be processed and heard as sound. This process allows for the transmission and reception of radio signals over long distances.
From what I have researched, the answer to that is the Ionosphere-upper mesosphere/ lower thermosphere, though I do not know if that is 100% correct.
Any Amplitude Modulated radio signal will penetrate the ionosphere if its carrier frequency is high enough. Signals in the commercial AM broadcast band, with frequencies between 530 and 1700 KHz, aren't high enough. Most of their energy reflects from the ionosphere.
Amplitude Modulation and Frequency Modulation. They are different methods of transmitting radio signals. AM is good for transmitting radio signals long distance FM is good for transmitting radio signals short distances but better quality
AM radio signals normally go further especially on long-wave broadcasts which can cover a radius of 300-400 miles. FM signals use shorter waves (around 1 metre long) and the range is usually 30-40 miles.
The electromagnetic wave used to send signals in satellites is called radio waves. These waves have long wavelengths and are able to travel long distances through space without the need for a physical medium.
An atmospheric bounce is a phenomenon that occurs when certain radio frequencies, such as VHF and UHF signals, are refracted by the Earth's atmosphere. This can allow radio signals to travel much farther than expected by bouncing off the ionosphere, which can create long-distance communication links over the horizon.
How do THEY get back to earth?!
Radio waves are transmitted through antennas and travel through the air. They carry information in the form of electromagnetic signals. These waves are used in communication systems to transmit radio, television, and cell phone signals. They play a crucial role in enabling wireless communication over long distances.
Radio waves are used for effective communication around the world by transmitting information through radio frequency signals. These signals can travel long distances and penetrate obstacles, allowing for widespread communication. Radio technology relies on modulation techniques to encode information onto the radio waves, enabling communication between devices such as radios, cell phones, and satellites.
Broadcast Radio
Broadcast Radio