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What happens during the ozone cycle?
Short Answer: It is the continuous formation of ozone from oxygen, and the decay of that ozone back to oxygen. Oxygen absorbs UV-B or more energetic radiation (most commonly from our Sun), and dissociates into two separate oxygen atoms. Some of these singlet oxygen atoms combine with an oxygen atom to form ozone. Ozone has several decay paths, but all leave an oxygen molecule at the end: # Ozone encounters another ozone or singlet oxygen and only oxygen results. Ozone is inherently unstable and this does happen. # Ozone absobs UV-B or more energetic radiation (again from the Sun most commonly) and dissociates into an oxygen molecule and a singlet oxygen atom (some few of which will make ozone again). # Ozone encounters the long list of things that ozone will attack, and ozone loses a single oxygen atom to the reaction. Only #3 removes net oxygen from the "pool" of oxygen. There are additional pathways of forming ozone, where a nitrogen molecule temporarily stores the singlet oxygen, until an oxygen molecule is encountered and the payload can be delivered. There are mechanisms that block this "handoff" also, and they also remove oxygen from the "pool".
What era did the ozone layers appear?
The ozone layer first appeared during the Proterozoic Eon, around 2 billion years ago. This protective layer of ozone formed when oxygen levels in the atmosphere increased, allowing ozone to form from oxygen molecules.
What chemicals are good for the ozone layer?
Oxygen. Nitrogen also helps ozone form (as long as water vapor is not around).
How do you convert ozone in to oxygen?
Ozone can be made as the result of a chemical reaction (some phosphorous reactions; interaction between NOx, VOC and purple-to-long-wave-UV), or recombination of an oxygen atom with an oxygen molecule (after UV or electrical discharge has dissociated an oxygen molecule into two oxygen atoms). Ozone has been produced in excess of 20 wt% in an oxygen gas stream with 0.5% nitrogen for use in semiconductor processing. Ozone has been concentrated to 25 wt% or higher. Liquid 100% ozone has been formed via condensation, and stored in a dewar. Common concentrations of ozone produced commerically is in the range of 4 - 12 wt% in oxygen. Ozone produced as smog, is a different, more complex story. Ozone in the tropopause (lower stratosphere) is usually in the range of 10 ppm (1 wt% is about 466 ppm in air). Ozone alerts are issued when tropospheric ozone reaches 0.8 to 1 ppm or higher.
How long does ozone stay in the atmosphere?
Ozone is a very unstable molecule. The energy required of formation of ozone is much greater than the reverse process that is the formation of oxygen and nascent oxygen. However there is an ongoing process of formation as well as depletion in the ozone layer which makes its concentration in the ozone layer constant. However due to the CFC's the rate of depletion is increasing thus creating an ozone hole in the ozone layer.
What happens during the ozone cycle?
Short Answer: It is the continuous formation of ozone from oxygen, and the decay of that ozone back to oxygen. Oxygen absorbs UV-B or more energetic radiation (most commonly from our Sun), and dissociates into two separate oxygen atoms. Some of these singlet oxygen atoms combine with an oxygen atom to form ozone. Ozone has several decay paths, but all leave an oxygen molecule at the end: # Ozone encounters another ozone or singlet oxygen and only oxygen results. Ozone is inherently unstable and this does happen. # Ozone absobs UV-B or more energetic radiation (again from the Sun most commonly) and dissociates into an oxygen molecule and a singlet oxygen atom (some few of which will make ozone again). # Ozone encounters the long list of things that ozone will attack, and ozone loses a single oxygen atom to the reaction. Only #3 removes net oxygen from the "pool" of oxygen. There are additional pathways of forming ozone, where a nitrogen molecule temporarily stores the singlet oxygen, until an oxygen molecule is encountered and the payload can be delivered. There are mechanisms that block this "handoff" also, and they also remove oxygen from the "pool".
What gasses are in ozone?
Ozone is made up exclusively three atoms of oxygen. It naturally occurs when oxygen is bombarded with sunlight and will decay into it's more stable O2 state when sunlight is not present. This is one major reason we see a thinning of the ozone layer during each poles long winter months.
What era did the ozone layers appear?
The ozone layer first appeared during the Proterozoic Eon, around 2 billion years ago. This protective layer of ozone formed when oxygen levels in the atmosphere increased, allowing ozone to form from oxygen molecules.
What chemicals are good for the ozone layer?
Oxygen. Nitrogen also helps ozone form (as long as water vapor is not around).
What causes ozone layers?
Naturally occurring ozone is caused by oxygen molecules reacting with ultraviolet energy. This combination causes O2 to change into O2 (ozone). This is a far less stable condition and without additional energy, ozone levels will fall and O2 will increase. As long as we have sunlight and oxygen in our atmosphere, we will also have ozone.
How much damage has the current ozone layer sustained?
There are record that show a long slow trend upward in the UV-B that arrives at Earth's surface. These records date back to around 1700 or so (tree rings, etc.). The ozone layer is self-healing, if we can just control those things that either suppress ozone formation or increase its rate of decay.
How do you convert ozone in to oxygen?
Ozone can be made as the result of a chemical reaction (some phosphorous reactions; interaction between NOx, VOC and purple-to-long-wave-UV), or recombination of an oxygen atom with an oxygen molecule (after UV or electrical discharge has dissociated an oxygen molecule into two oxygen atoms). Ozone has been produced in excess of 20 wt% in an oxygen gas stream with 0.5% nitrogen for use in semiconductor processing. Ozone has been concentrated to 25 wt% or higher. Liquid 100% ozone has been formed via condensation, and stored in a dewar. Common concentrations of ozone produced commerically is in the range of 4 - 12 wt% in oxygen. Ozone produced as smog, is a different, more complex story. Ozone in the tropopause (lower stratosphere) is usually in the range of 10 ppm (1 wt% is about 466 ppm in air). Ozone alerts are issued when tropospheric ozone reaches 0.8 to 1 ppm or higher.
Write the steps involved in the ozone deplition?
The planet rotates around the sun. During the winter (at each pole) the sun is unable to reach the ozone layer just past the pole. Ozone requires this energy too maintain it's existence. Because this energy is not present, ozone will decay into oxygen. Similar issues cause ozone levels in cities lowers at night. When the polar winter is over, the hole disappears quickly. There are two holes, one near each pole and they last in total about twice as long as the winter at each pole.
Most widespread pollutant that can cause long-term lung damage?
Ozone. Ozone: a form of oxygen that is a harmful component of air pollution. Ozone, the primary ingredient of smog air pollution, can impair the body's immune system and cause long term lung damage.
Will you die if the ozone layer disappears?
Ozone will always be present as long as we have sunlight and oxygen in our atmosphere. In order for ozone to completely disappear, we would have to be missing one of these two vital ingredients. So, the answer has to be a yes. Without the building blocks for ozone, we would be a dead planet.
How long does it take for your brain to decay?
After death, the brain cells can start to decay within minutes if deprived of oxygen. However, the brain tissue itself can remain intact for hours before significant decay occurs, depending on factors like temperature and environment.
Will the ozone layer ever be destroyed?
It is next to impossible thing to have no ozone in the atmosphere. Large solar mass ejections could cause some thinning of the ozone layer equal to, or greater than the worst thinning we are aware of (1859 sme event). Should this happen though, the sun's uv rays would react with the oxygen in our atmosphere and restore the ozone in short order. As long as we have oxygen and sunlight to react with it, we will have ozone.
