Distance to the sun does not regulate the length of a day, it's actually the circumference of the orbiting body. Since one full revolution is one day and one night, the larger the circumference the longer the day would be; the converse also holds true.
The orbit determines the length of the year. Mercury, the closest planet to the sun, has the shortest year since it has the shortest orbit (path around the sun), while Neptune has a much longer year since it is the furthest from the sun and therefore has a longer path to travel.
Why would it be hard to discover a planet that is closer to the sun than mercury
We do not have seasons because the earth is closer to the sun, we have seasons because the earth's axis rotation determines the amount of sunlight we get each day.
If Earth were closer to the Sun, its orbital speed would increase due to stronger gravitational forces, resulting in a shorter orbital period. This means that a year would be shorter because Earth would complete its orbit around the Sun more quickly. The exact length of the year would depend on the new distance from the Sun, but generally, the closer Earth is to the Sun, the shorter the year would be.
Yes - and no !... The moon orbits the earth - so - there will be times each day, when it's closer to the sun than the earth is. During the earth's 'night time' - the moon is further away from the sun.
Mars because it is closer to the sun
Why would it be hard to discover a planet that is closer to the sun than mercury
No, the Sun is not coming closer day by day. It remains at a relatively constant distance from Earth, about 93 million miles away, due to the balance between gravitational attraction and its outward radiation pressure.
Neptune would orbit at 111,920,000 miles if the orbit was 96% closer to the Sun.
Depends on what time of day it is.
At midday, shadows are typically at their shortest length because the sun is directly overhead. As the sun moves closer to the horizon later in the day, the shadows become longer.
the rotation of earth brings the sun closer to earth making it rise
Yes
Warmer
That would be Jupiter.
The closer an object is to the sun, the more heat it receives. If Earth were too close to the sun it would be too hot to support life.
the sun moves closer to earth
We do not have seasons because the earth is closer to the sun, we have seasons because the earth's axis rotation determines the amount of sunlight we get each day.