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How many PGAL are used to regenerate three molecules of RUBP?
One molecule of PGAL has 3 carbons in it (therefore three turns are necessary). Six molecules would therefore require 18 turns of the Calvin Cycle.
The three carbon sugars form during the Calvin cycle are used to generate the five carbon compounds. Is it true?
Yes. CO2 enters the cycle one molecule at a time. Rubisco binds it to ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP), which is a five-carbon compound. After several chemical changes, six three-carbon compounds (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, G3P) are formed. One of the six is put out as G3P to make glucose and other organic compounds. The other five are used to regenerate three more RuBPs.
The six molecules of G3P formed from three turns of the Calvin cycle are converted into?
Five molecules of glyceraldehyde -3 -phosphate are converted to 3 molecules of ribulose-1,5- bisphosphate. One molecule of glyceraldehyde -3 -phosphate may be converted to a hexose sugar such as fructose -1-phosphate or glucose -1- phosphate. The G3P molecule can be used for synthesis of cellulose, amino acids or fatty acids.
Which molecule from the Calvin Cycle is used to replenish the five-carbon sugar RuBP which is used a the beginning of the cycles?
The molecule used to replenish RuBP in the Calvin Cycle is phosphoglycerate (PGA). PGA is converted to RuBP through a series of enzymatic reactions, allowing the cycle to continue and fix more carbon dioxide.
What are the stages of a dark reaction?
1. A five-carbon sugar molecule called ribulose bisphosphate, or RuBP, is the acceptor that binds CO2 dissolved in the stroma. This process, called CO2 fixation, is catalyzed by the enzyme RuBP carboxylase, forming an unstable six-carbon molecule. This molecule quickly breaks down to give two molecules of the three-carbon 3-phosphoglycerate (3PG), also called phosphoglyceric acid (PGA). 2. The two 3PG molecules are converted into glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P, a.k.a. phosphoglyceraldehyde, PGAL) molecules, a three-carbon sugar phosphate, by adding a high-energy phosphate group from ATP, then breaking the phosphate bond and adding hydrogen from NADH + H+. 3. Three turns of the cycle, using three molecules of CO2, produces six molecules of G3P. However, only one of the six molecules exits the cycle as an output, while the remaining five enter a complex process that regenerates more RuBP to continue the cycle. Two molecules of G3P, produced by a total of six turns of the cycle, combine to form one molecule of glucose.
How many PGAL are used to regenerate three molecules of RUBP?
One molecule of PGAL has 3 carbons in it (therefore three turns are necessary). Six molecules would therefore require 18 turns of the Calvin Cycle.
A carbon atom from carbon dioxide is used to change the five carbon sugar RuBP into?
The carbon atom from carbon dioxide is used to change the five carbon sugar RuBP into two three-carbon molecules. This process is known as carbon fixation and occurs during the Calvin cycle of photosynthesis. The three-carbon molecules produced are further processed to create glucose and other organic compounds.
The Calvin cycle begins when CO2 combines with a five-carbon carbohydrate called what?
The Calvin cycle begins when CO2 combines with a five-carbon carbohydrate called ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP) in a reaction catalyzed by the enzyme ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCO).
The three carbon sugars form during the Calvin cycle are used to generate the five carbon compounds. Is it true?
Yes. CO2 enters the cycle one molecule at a time. Rubisco binds it to ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP), which is a five-carbon compound. After several chemical changes, six three-carbon compounds (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, G3P) are formed. One of the six is put out as G3P to make glucose and other organic compounds. The other five are used to regenerate three more RuBPs.
The six molecules of G3P formed from three turns of the Calvin cycle are converted into?
Five molecules of glyceraldehyde -3 -phosphate are converted to 3 molecules of ribulose-1,5- bisphosphate. One molecule of glyceraldehyde -3 -phosphate may be converted to a hexose sugar such as fructose -1-phosphate or glucose -1- phosphate. The G3P molecule can be used for synthesis of cellulose, amino acids or fatty acids.
What carbon atom from carbon dioxide is used to change the five-carbon sugar RuBP into what?
ATP.
Five carbon compound that combines with co2 in the Calvin cycle to make glicose?
The five-carbon compound that combines with CO2 in the Calvin cycle to form glucose is called ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP). RuBP reacts with CO2 in a series of reactions facilitated by the enzyme rubisco to produce a six-carbon compound, which eventually leads to the synthesis of glucose.
What does RuBP mean?
RuBP stands for ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate. It is a five-carbon molecule involved in the Calvin cycle, a series of reactions in photosynthesis where carbon dioxide is converted into glucose. RuBP is regenerated during the cycle to ensure its continuous availability for fixing carbon dioxide.
Which molecule from the Calvin Cycle is used to replenish the five-carbon sugar RuBP which is used a the beginning of the cycles?
The molecule used to replenish RuBP in the Calvin Cycle is phosphoglycerate (PGA). PGA is converted to RuBP through a series of enzymatic reactions, allowing the cycle to continue and fix more carbon dioxide.
What are the stages of a dark reaction?
1. A five-carbon sugar molecule called ribulose bisphosphate, or RuBP, is the acceptor that binds CO2 dissolved in the stroma. This process, called CO2 fixation, is catalyzed by the enzyme RuBP carboxylase, forming an unstable six-carbon molecule. This molecule quickly breaks down to give two molecules of the three-carbon 3-phosphoglycerate (3PG), also called phosphoglyceric acid (PGA). 2. The two 3PG molecules are converted into glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P, a.k.a. phosphoglyceraldehyde, PGAL) molecules, a three-carbon sugar phosphate, by adding a high-energy phosphate group from ATP, then breaking the phosphate bond and adding hydrogen from NADH + H+. 3. Three turns of the cycle, using three molecules of CO2, produces six molecules of G3P. However, only one of the six molecules exits the cycle as an output, while the remaining five enter a complex process that regenerates more RuBP to continue the cycle. Two molecules of G3P, produced by a total of six turns of the cycle, combine to form one molecule of glucose.
A carbon atom from carbon dioxide is used to change the five-carbon sugar RuBP are formed?
To a six-carbon sugar :) Enjoy!
If a five armed sea star is cut into five equal pieces how many sea stars will regenerate?
2
