Two electrons are in the external shell of vanadium.
The electrons per shell in vanadium: 2, 8, 11, 2.
Vanadium has on the outer shell two electrons.
This is an ionic bond.
The element with 4 valence electrons in the 6th shell is lead (Pb). Lead has 4 electrons in its outermost shell, which is the 6th electron shell.
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The electrons per shell in vanadium: 2, 8, 11, 2.
The key to "happiness" for an atom is a full outer electron shell. (The outer electron shell is called the valence shell.) There are two conditions that cause a shell not to be full. Either it has only an electron or two (or three) in the outer electron shell or it's short an electron or two in that outer shell. The direct answer to the question is that if an element is chemically active, its outer electron shell is incomplete or is not full.
This is the electron on the external shell.
An element with a complete valence electron shell is a noble gas. Noble gases have a full outer electron shell, making them stable and non-reactive. Examples include helium, neon, and argon.
Valence.
Vanadium has on the outer shell two electrons.
This is an ionic bond.
H
The element with 4 valence electrons in the 6th shell is lead (Pb). Lead has 4 electrons in its outermost shell, which is the 6th electron shell.
The first thing to do is find vanadium's atomic number on a periodic table. We see that it's 23, thus vanadium has 23 protons and 23 electrons. Next we just start filling in the orbitals until we reach 23 electrons. This gives us an electron configuration of 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d3. Well, from here it's clear to see that vanadium has only 3 d electrons.
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This is a chemical element. You can find the how many electron in a single atom by using a periodic table.