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In the nitrate ion (NO₃⁻), nitrogen typically has an oxidation state of +5, while each oxygen has an oxidation state of -2. The overall charge of the ion is -1. To achieve this, the nitrogen atom effectively "loses" five electrons relative to its neutral state, but since it is part of a charged ion, it doesn't lose electrons in the same sense as a simple atom would in a neutralization reaction. So, while nitrogen appears to have lost five electrons in terms of oxidation state, the ion as a whole is stable with its current electron configuration.

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1d ago

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