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Valence electrons are electrons that are on the outside "shell."

In Group (column) 1, there is only one valence electrons for each element. In Group (column) 2, there are two valence electrons.

Group 13: 3 valence electrons

Group 14: 4 valence electrons

Group 15: 5 valence electrons

Group 16: 6 valence electrons

Group 17: 7 valence electrons

Group 18: 8 valence electrons

There is no Group 19, so this list is done. For the metals, each element will need to be mapped out utilizing the Bohr Diagram design or something of the like as valence electrons are difficult to define due to the grouping on the Periodic Table.

The most valence electrons that can be in an outer shell is eight.

Barium (Ba) is in Group (column) 2, and thus has only two valence electrons.

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Barium (Ba) has 2 valence electrons in its outer shell. Therefore, it does not have any 5p electrons.


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Examples: Ca, Mg, Ba, Sr, Ra, etc.


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Krypton (Kr) has a total number of 36 electrons, which is the same as the number of core electrons in barium (Ba).


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