ATP production varies by the metabolic pathway involved. In glycolysis, 2 ATP molecules are produced directly, and 4 are generated through substrate-level phosphorylation in the citric acid cycle, totaling about 30-32 ATP when including oxidative phosphorylation in the electron transport chain. In oxidative phosphorylation, approximately 26-28 ATP molecules are produced, depending on the shuttle systems used for transporting electrons into mitochondria. Overall, the complete oxidation of one glucose molecule can yield around 30-38 ATP, depending on the efficiency of the processes involved.
The efficiency of each stage of energy production can be determined by measuring the net amount of ATP produced. During the initial steps of respiration there is a net of 2 ATP, by the oxidative phase there is a net of 36 ATP produced.
In the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis, ATP is produced through the process of photophosphorylation. Each cycle of the light-dependent reactions produces two molecules of ATP.
Electron transport chain reactions
Most of the ATP in complete cellular respiration is produced during the oxidative phosphorylation stage, specifically through the electron transport chain and chemiosmosis. This stage occurs in the inner mitochondrial membrane, where electrons are transferred through a series of proteins, leading to the pumping of protons and the synthesis of ATP via ATP synthase. Overall, oxidative phosphorylation accounts for the majority of ATP generated, with around 26 to 28 ATP molecules produced per glucose molecule.
During the third stage of cellular respiration, known as oxidative phosphorylation, ATP is produced through a process called chemiosmosis. Electrons are transferred through the electron transport chain, creating a proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane. As protons flow back into the mitochondrial matrix through ATP synthase, this enzyme harnesses the energy from the proton gradient to convert ADP and inorganic phosphate into ATP. This stage is the primary source of ATP, generating the majority of the ATP produced during cellular respiration.
The efficiency of each stage of energy production can be determined by measuring the net amount of ATP produced. During the initial steps of respiration there is a net of 2 ATP, by the oxidative phase there is a net of 36 ATP produced.
NADPH is the other molecule produced in the second stage of photosynthesis, known as the light-dependent reactions. Both ATP and NADPH are essential for the production of sugars in the Calvin cycle, which is the third stage of photosynthesis.
Two ATP molecules are produced in the preparatory stage of glycolysis. This occurs when glucose is split into two molecules of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate.
Most of the ATP is produced during the electron transport chain stage of cellular respiration. This is where the majority of ATP molecules are generated through oxidative phosphorylation using energy released from the transfer of electrons along the electron transport chain.
In the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis, ATP is produced through the process of photophosphorylation. Each cycle of the light-dependent reactions produces two molecules of ATP.
Approximately 30-32 molecules of ATP are produced by oxidative phosphorylation for each glucose molecule that enters glycolysis.
the first answer was: 38 ----------- this is not true. during the kreb cycle, only 2 ATP molecules are produced from 1 molecule of glucose [2-3 pyruvic acid molecules]. During all of respiration, 1 glucose molecule is eventually broken down to make 36 ATP total. the three main parts of respiration [for beginning learners] is: Stage 1: glycosis: 2 ATP produced stage 2: kreb cycle: 2 ATP produced stage 3: electron transport chain: 32 ATP produced in total: 36 ATP is produced in respiration
The 'third and final stage' of aerobic respiration is called the electron transport chain - sometimes called : oxydation phosphorylation. 34 ATP form during that stage because 10 NADH and 2 FADH2 produced from other parts of Cellular Respiration are used in the 3rd stage. Each NADH produces 3 ATP, and each FADH2 produces 2 ATP. So, 30 ATP plus 4 ATP equal 34 ATP.
Electron transport chain reactions
The majority of ATP is produced during the electron transport chain stage of aerobic respiration, specifically in the process of oxidative phosphorylation in the inner mitochondrial membrane. This is where a large amount of ATP is generated through the transfer of electrons from NADH and FADH2 to oxygen, creating a proton gradient that drives ATP synthesis by ATP synthase.
Most of the ATP in complete cellular respiration is produced during the oxidative phosphorylation stage, specifically through the electron transport chain and chemiosmosis. This stage occurs in the inner mitochondrial membrane, where electrons are transferred through a series of proteins, leading to the pumping of protons and the synthesis of ATP via ATP synthase. Overall, oxidative phosphorylation accounts for the majority of ATP generated, with around 26 to 28 ATP molecules produced per glucose molecule.
Glycolysis: 2 ATP are produced but 2 are used, so net gain is 2 ATP. Krebs cycle: 2 ATP are produced. Electron transport chain: Approximately 28-32 ATP are produced, depending on the source and efficiency of the cell.