Bacteria initiate infection by making use of virulence factors which are;
1. pilli: These are small hairs that enable some pathogens to attach easily to cell surfaces, particularly mucous membranes. bacteria possessing pilli include Neisseria gonorrheae and some strains of Escherichia coli, Salmonella and Shigella species
2. Production of enzymes that help pathogens to spread: for example, hyaluronidase produced by Clostridium perfringes and some Streptococci and Staphylococci,helps organisms to spread through the body by breaking down the hyaluronic acid of connective tissue.
3. production of beta-lactamases: These penicillin-destroying enzymes are produced by many bacteria including some strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
4. Mechanisms that interfere with phagocytosis: Bacteria such as Streptococcus pneumoniae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Neisseria meningitidis secrete a capsule around their cell wall which helps to prevent opsonization and phagocytosis.
5. production of exotoxin: several gram positive and a few gram negative bacteria secrete powerful poisons called exotoxins that are capable of destroying or injuring host cells. They tend to be specific in their action, e.g. the exotoxin of Clostridium tetani is neurotoxin.
6. Release of endotoxin: The cell walls of Gram negative organisms contain endotoxin ( O antigen ). When endotoxin is released into the blood circulation, the resulting toxaemia may cause shock, rigor, chills.
7. Mechanisms that destroy or neutralize antibodies: For e.g., the destructive IgA protease of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
the spred of bactriea is caused by sickness
Bacteria and viruses can be spread through similar methods such as sneezing, coughing, or touching contaminated surfaces. However, viruses typically require a host cell to replicate, while bacteria can multiply on their own. Antibiotics are effective against bacteria but not viruses.
There are many ways they spread -- you can pass them via contact or droplets, and some can be airborne. Some are spread via vectors (ie mosquitos), and some are in water or food that are ingested. It really depends on what type of pathogenic bacteria you are speaking of.
Viral and bacterial infections are both spread in basically the same ways. A person with a cold can spread the infection by coughing and/or sneezing. Bacteria or viruses can be passed on by touching or shaking hands with another person.Feb 5, 2014Found on Netdocter.
You know, bacteria are one-cell organisms, which can reproduce by splitting themselves into half and so on. So they spread in geometrical progression and spread very fast ; but they need a medium to spread, that is, human body or so.
Anything can spread bacteria, including chicken.
Infectious diseases spread when bacteria or viruses move from the carrier to others.
Yes, flies can spread bacteria because they often come into contact with decaying matter and contaminated surfaces. When flies land on food or surfaces, they can transfer harmful bacteria from their legs and bodies, potentially leading to the spread of diseases. It is important to keep food covered and maintain proper hygiene to prevent the spread of bacteria by flies.
contagious diseases speared in many ways while anybody is eating the bacteria spread in air while coughing the bacteria enter in to air the bacteria goes to another person like these the contagious diseases spread
the bacteria Vibreo Cholerae is spread through waste.
cough or sneeze on someone
cough or sneeze on someone
well no not exactly, there is an enzyme in the tears of the eyes. so when you blink the liquid is spread by the upper eyelid, it kills the bacteria in the eyes.
yeas that is spread from bacteria and from insects
access to your inner self
well theres no disease that starts bacteria but we dont know so dont think it until it is proved but once it starts it can only be relieved by washing your hands
because when you throw it in the garbage can then people dont pick it up, therefore preventing the spread of bacteria.