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Depends on which cell you're talking about.

Anton van Leeuwenhoek famously described Animalcules in a letter to the Royal Society in 1676 - he is considered to be the father of Microbiology.

The Royal Society didn't initially accept his claims as single celled organisms hadn't previously been observed, he'd ground his own lenses and owned the most powerful microscopes of the time.

His discovery that small organisms reproduced in much the same way as larger organisms ran contrary to the widely accepted theory of Spontaneous generation, but it wasn't until 1859 that Louis Pasteur was able to develop an experiment to conclusively disprove the theory.

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1632 - 1723: Anton van Leeuwenhoek teaches himself to grind lenses, builds a microscope and draws protozoa, such as Vorticella from rain water, and bacteria from his own mouth.

1665: Robert Hooke discovers cells in cork, then in living plant tissue using an early microscope.

1839: Theodor Schwann and Matthias Jakob Schleiden elucidate the principle that plants and animals are made of cells, concluding that cells are a common unit of structure and development, and thus founding the cell theory.

The belief that life forms are able to occur spontaneously (generatio spontanea) is contradicted by Louis Pasteur (1822 - 1895) (although Francesco Redi had performed an experiment in 1668 that suggested the same conclusion).

Rudolph Virchow states that cells always emerge from cell divisions (omnis cellula ex cellula).

1931: Ernst Ruska builds first transmission electron microscope (TEM) at the University of Berlin. By 1935, he has built an EM with twice the resolution of a light microscope, revealing previously-unresolvable organelles.

1953: Watson and Crick made their first announcement on the double-helix structure for DNA on February 28.

1981: Lynn Margulis published Symbiosis in Cell Evolution detailing the endosymbiotic theory

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13y ago

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