Every one will die from asteroids.
Gravity is what keeps them in attraction. The force of Gravity is determined by the mass and distance between two or more objects. The other force that keeps the moon in orbit is the moon's inertia. Without inertia the moon would simply fall into Earth; because of Gravity, the same would happen with the planets and the sun.
No, the sun and moon are not planets. The sun is a star that emits light and heat, while the moon is Earth's natural satellite. Planets are celestial bodies that orbit stars, like Earth does with the sun.
The moon is Earth's closest neighbor in space and the only natural object to orbit it. Counting it in "planets away from Earth" does not make any sense as the planets revolve around the sun, not Earth.
Many planets have only one moon. For example, Earth only has one moon. There are likely to be billions of planets in our universe with just one moon. As you can imagine, the list of these would take a long time to write out. We will only have discovered a small amount of actual planets that fit this description though.
The Moon is a natural satellite and the Sun is a star. The Moon is not a star. Neither the Moon nor the Sun are planets.
Earth's oceans would lose their tides and the debris would form rings around the Earth, just like the outer planets have.
IF? If it were moon size it would be more massive than the sun, therefore the Earth (and the moon) would be crumbled into dust by the tidal strain, all the inner planets would be thrown completely out of orbit, the orbits of the outer planets would be severely distorted, and the sun's orbit around the galaxy would be markedly shifted.
If the zodiac never existed I suspect another method would be used to interpret how the movement of the Sun, Moon and planets affect people and events on Earth.
Techincally speaking that would never happen. The moon would have to be VERY close to the Earth. The moon moves away from the earth 1.75 inches away from the earth each year, making the hours of the day longer. If the moon did orbit the earth in one day, this would happen around the time period the moon formed in space.
No known planets have only one moon other than earth.
No. The moon is not a planet; it is a moon. If it had its own orbit around the sun it would be considered a terrestrial planet.
Gravity is what keeps them in attraction. The force of Gravity is determined by the mass and distance between two or more objects. The other force that keeps the moon in orbit is the moon's inertia. Without inertia the moon would simply fall into Earth; because of Gravity, the same would happen with the planets and the sun.
There would never be a full moon.
Earth would blow up along with the moon.
None. The Earth's moon is not a planet and there are no planets "ON" any moon. Many planets in the solar system have several moons.
nothing would happen
The moon changes shape as the planets (in this case the planet would be Earth) rotate around the sun.