Genetic mutation does not always lead to sterilization as you point out. This however is not the way evolution happens. Evolution occurs mainly through small adaptive changes over a long period of time that are not mutations. Evolution does not happen suddenly.
Yes, a frameshift mutation will almost always result in a change in the final protein because it disrupts the reading frame of the genetic code, leading to a shift in the sequence of amino acids that are incorporated into the protein. This can have significant effects on the structure and function of the protein.
It depends on if it is in the germ line or in a somatic Cell. In the germ line a mutation can cause birth defects or lethal mutations. In somatic Cells it can cause cancer. The Genetic Mutation will have either of these effects: either beneficial or detrimental.
Neither. Lamarckian evolution does not take place at all; almost all of his concepts are now known to be incorrect. The population will still undergo mutation, and natural selection for beneficial mutations and against harmful ones will still occur.
According to the International Rett Syndrome Foundation, it occurs in 1 out of every 10,000 to 23,000 female births. It is very rare, so the rate of occurrence is not known absolutely. Almost all of those alive with Rett Syndrome are female; males who have the genetic mutation do not have a second X chromosome to compensate for the defective gene so they usually die before birth or shortly thereafter. The males that survive almost always have an extra X chromosome (XXY).
Common causes of mutations include exposure to certain chemicals or radiation, errors during DNA replication, and external factors such as UV light or cigarette smoke. Mutations can also be inherited from parents or occur spontaneously due to biological processes in the body.
It is simply a genetic 'mutation' where a snake has been born with almost no colouring (albino)
First of all, evolution is not a science. One of the first rules of science is observation, and no one has observed evolution. We have observed gene mutation, yes. Breeding almost any animal will show you variation and mutation. I suppose, to answer your question, evolution is a theory derivative of genetics and biology. But, evolution is a theory, it has no confirmation. It is just a theory.
Yes, a frameshift mutation will almost always result in a change in the final protein because it disrupts the reading frame of the genetic code, leading to a shift in the sequence of amino acids that are incorporated into the protein. This can have significant effects on the structure and function of the protein.
Radiation induced mutation (changes in DNA) is on a purely random basis (and so is ALMOST always detrimental).
No. Although there is a chance of a beneficial mutation, the chance of it occurring is almost astronomical. Most mutations are harmful to humans.
It depends on if it is in the germ line or in a somatic Cell. In the germ line a mutation can cause birth defects or lethal mutations. In somatic Cells it can cause cancer. The Genetic Mutation will have either of these effects: either beneficial or detrimental.
Cloning animals such as cows so we have an almost infinite food source.
Neither. Lamarckian evolution does not take place at all; almost all of his concepts are now known to be incorrect. The population will still undergo mutation, and natural selection for beneficial mutations and against harmful ones will still occur.
Not always. there are two types of mutations, A Good mutation or a bad one. A bad mutation will happen very rarely but could still happen, The chances are almost to none But there are also good mutations, The chances of getting a good mutation are 0.001 When mutations happen, And its bad, For an example a Cell If it gets a bad mutation, It will most likely not be able to compete with other cells for resources. But if the mutation is "Good" The DNA which is a genetic code will be changed to have the good mutation put it. A good mutation for a bacteria would be antibiotic resistance. Bacteria Reproduce every 20 Minutes by dividing, So on a petri dish having the bacteria lay there for 24 hours, would have More than millions of Bacteria on it. And in those moments of reproducing a Good or bad mutation WILL happen. When you use hand sanitiser you kill germs right? But hand sanitiser says 99.99%, The .001% that lives has a good mutation that makes is be Resistant to antibiotics
adaptation and evolution
Because the somatic mutation only produces the color of the iris of the eye. The germ mutation is in charge of the cell which will produce a gamete. It may be passed onto the offspring. So the somatic mutation isn't as important as the germ mutation.
There are a number of types of radiation that can cause mutation in humans.Gamma radiation is probably the one you were thinking of, but ultraviolet radiation can also cause mutation.Pretty much any kind of radiation that causes mutation will almost always cause cancer, as a result.