The situation that you describe, in which heat is being added to or removed from a substance yet the temperature of that substance remains the same, happens when there is a phase change, which can be from solid to liquid, or from liquid to gas, or from gas to liquid, and so forth. This happens because it takes energy to move from solid to liquid to gas, and it produces energy to move in the other direction, from gas to liquid to solid. Molecules or atoms have some degree of attraction for each other, so when they move closer together, or form actual bonds, that is a process that releases potential energy. Moving them farther apart or breaking bonds requires energy.
Thermal (heat) energy must be added or removed in order to cause a change of state.
What kind of energy is involved when the matter changes state?
When energy is added to a substance, the temperature of the substance increases, causing the particles to gain kinetic energy and move faster, resulting in a phase change. Likewise, when energy is removed from a substance, the temperature decreases, causing the particles to slow down and the substance to change phases. The energy absorbed or released during these phase changes is used to either break or form bonds between the particles.
Freezing is considered an exothermic process because energy is removed from the substance as it transitions from a liquid to a solid state. During this phase change, the molecules lose kinetic energy, allowing them to arrange themselves into a more ordered solid structure. This release of energy typically occurs in the form of heat, which is why freezing involves a decrease in temperature.
When energy is removed from a gas, condensation occurs. When energy is removed from a liquid, freezing occurs.
A change of state where energy is removed from a substance is called an exothermic reaction. This chemical reaction releases energy in the form of light or heat.
Physical
The heat energy in the milk had to be removed in order to change the phase of milk.
If energy is removed from liquid water, it would cool down and eventually freeze into solid ice at its freezing point (0 degrees Celsius or 32 degrees Fahrenheit).
-273.15 degrees Celsius (-459.67 degrees Fahrenheit) is the temperature at which no more energy can be removed from matter.It is called Absolute Zero and marks the 0 for the Kelvin and Rankine scale.
Mexico
Yes.
-273.15 degrees Celsius (-459.67 degrees Fahrenheit) is the temperature at which no more energy can be removed from matter.It is called Absolute Zero and marks the 0 for the Kelvin and Rankine scale.
It's burning.
Physical
there are different types