None of the above
No. But glassware is not a crystalline rigid material, and has some memory of recent thermal movement. Thermometers that have been calibrated at manufacture, will have a couple of tiny scratch marks along the scale, and the graduations in between are interpolated. If you wish to calibrate a thermometer, then do so at the triple point (close to 0 deg C), and at boiling point - 100 degree C. Since much of the stem of the thermometer has been at 100 degree C, straightaway after removing from the steam, the glass tube will shrink, and the reading will change due to this, as well as the mercury column cooling. For a thermometer to be a precision measuring device, the bore has to be accurately true, and this is not always the case. Ordinary mercury thermometers are seldom to be relied upon for better than 1 degree C resolution.
Stem cells are typically obtained from embryos that are a few days old, known as blastocysts. At this stage, the embryo has developed into a hollow ball of cells with an inner cell mass that contains embryonic stem cells. These cells can be extracted and grown in laboratories for research and potential therapeutic purposes.
The use of stem cells is not unethical in and of itself, the ethics component revolves around the source of the stem cells and the concern that fetuses will be produced and intentionally destroyed in order to obtain stem cells.
Because Mercury expands in heat, it is more accurate than other elements used in thermometers.
A total immersion thermometer is one that has been calibrated to read correctly when the entire thermometer is submerged in a homogeneously temperated liquid/medium.
Glass is chosen for thermometer stems because it is transparent, allowing easy observation of the liquid inside. Glass is also chemically inert, resistant to thermal expansion, and can be easily calibrated for accurate temperature readings. Additionally, glass is non-reactive with most substances, ensuring that measurements are not affected by the material of the stem itself.
A total immersion thermometer is a type of thermometer designed to be fully submerged in a liquid to ensure an accurate temperature reading. It typically has a long stem that allows the temperature-sensitive part of the thermometer to be fully immersed in the liquid being measured. Total immersion thermometers are commonly used in laboratory settings and for measuring the temperature of fluids.
The stem of a thermometer is not designed as a magnifying glass. The stem of a thermometer is typically narrow to allow for more accurate temperature readings, as it reduces the amount of time it takes for the reading to stabilize. The magnifying glass may be used for easier reading of the temperature scale on the thermometer.
The stem of a clinical thermometer is thick to allow for better heat conduction between the body and the thermometer bulb, ensuring an accurate temperature reading. A thicker stem also provides durability and strength to withstand repeated use.
A glass stem thermometer measures temperature through the expansion and contraction of a liquid, typically mercury or colored alcohol, contained in a sealed glass tube. As the temperature increases, the liquid expands and rises in the narrow stem, while it contracts and descends as the temperature decreases. The temperature is read by observing the level of the liquid against a calibrated scale printed on the glass. This method allows for accurate temperature readings based on the physical properties of the liquid used.
A dial stem thermometer typically ranges between -50°F to 500°F (-45°C to 260°C).
A dial stem thermometer typically ranges between -18°C to 260°C (-1°F to 500°F). It is important to check the specific range of the thermometer you are using to ensure accurate readings within its limits.
Thick walls on the stem of a thermometer provide insulation and reduce heat transfer from the environment, resulting in more accurate temperature readings. This helps to prevent external factors, such as air temperature fluctuations, from affecting the measurement inside the thermometer.
Thick walls on the stem of a thermometer help to insulate the temperature sensor from external temperature changes, providing more accurate readings. This design also helps to reduce heat loss or gain from the surroundings, improving the thermometer's sensitivity and precision.
The substance in the thermometer stem rises up because it expands when heated. This expansion is due to the particles within the substance moving more rapidly and spreading further apart, causing the substance to take up more volume and rise up the stem of the thermometer.
A stem thermometer is used to measure the internal temperatures of foods, especially meats. Stem thermometers have a "stem" that is inserted into the food and a flat round "face" at the top that may be digital or dail. Candy thermometers are used to measure the heat of candy while it is cooking. They are large straight tubes similar to thermometers used to take body temperature. They have a clip that enables the cook to clip it to the pan.