the end point will be a simple multiple of the first
In the titration of a polyprotic acid, the successive equivalence-point volumes decrease because each equivalence point corresponds to the complete neutralization of one acidic proton. This leads to a decrease in the moles of acid present in the solution, requiring less titrant to reach the subsequent equivalence points.
Look up the word "polyprotic" in your assigned reading, and the answer will be self-evident.
When KOH reacts with HCl, these products are formed. This is a neutralization reaction. KOH is a base while HCl is an acid.
The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between perchloric acid (HClO4) and potassium hydroxide (KOH) to form water (H2O) and potassium perchlorate (KClO4) is: HClO4 + KOH → H2O + KClO4
The formula for a common polyprotic acid, like sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, or carbonic acid, typically includes multiple hydrogen atoms that can each be ionized to release protons in solution. These acids can donate multiple protons in a stepwise manner, leading to their classification as polyprotic.
No, acetic acid (HC2H3O2) is a monoprotic acid because it can donate only one proton (H+) per molecule in a chemical reaction. Polyprotic acids can donate more than one proton.
The conjugate acid of KOH is H2O, which is formed when KOH accepts a proton (H+).
the end point will be a simple multiple of the first
An acid which has the capability of donating not just one, but TWO H+ to a base during an acid-base reaction. eg. Sulfuric acid and excess water H2SO4 + H2O --> HSO4- + H3O+ THEN: HSO4- + H2O <--> SO4^2- + H3O+ (note the reversible arrow for the second one) POLYPROTIC acids: diprotic - can donate 2 hydrogen cations per molecule triprotic - can donate 3.. etc.
To effectively solve polyprotic acid problems, one should first identify the number of acidic hydrogen atoms in the acid. Then, calculate the equilibrium concentrations of each protonated form of the acid using the acid dissociation constants (Ka values). Finally, use the mass balance and charge balance equations to determine the concentrations of all species in the solution.
Monoprotic acids are acids that can donate only one proton (H⁺) per molecule during dissociation, such as hydrochloric acid (HCl). In contrast, polyprotic acids can donate more than one proton; they can release two or more protons in a stepwise manner, such as sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄), which donates two protons. The dissociation of polyprotic acids typically occurs in multiple stages, each with its own acid dissociation constant (Ka).
Hydrochloric acid will... HCl + KOH = KCl + H2O
I suppose that it is more simple to determine this value experimentally, by titration of a citric acid solution with a potassium hydroxide solution. However, if the material is pure, the theoretical Acid number is 876 mg KOH/g The Mwt of Citric acid is 192.12 and there are 3 Carboxylic acid groups per molecule. The acid number is defined as the number of milligrams of KOH per gram. So 192.12g requires 3 x 56.1 g KOH = 168.3g. So 168.3/192.12 = 0.876 g KOH/g and thus 876 mg KOH/g.
A polyprotic acid can (in a multi-step reaction) donate more than one proton per molecule of acid.E.g. phosphoric acid can do 'the trick' three times:H3PO4 --> H+ + H2PO4-H2PO4- --> H+ + HPO42-HPO42- --> H+ + PO43-
Yes, H3PO4 (phosphoric acid) is a weak acid. It is a polyprotic acid, meaning it can donate multiple protons in a stepwise manner, resulting in a gradual decrease in acidity with each proton donated.
HCL (hydrochloric acid) and KOH (Potassium hydroxide)HCL + KOH = KCL + H2Oso you need hydrochloric acid and potassium hydroxide.