It sounds like you might be describing a supernova, which is an astronomical event where a star undergoes a powerful explosion, briefly outshining an entire galaxy before fading from view. Supernovae can result from the death of massive stars or from the interactions in binary star systems.
A very reactive metal can react too violently with acids to be safe.
A star is a ball of gas that is very hot and very bright.
A nova is a star which has a close companion star, and draws stellar material off of it's companion, occasionally flaring up very brightly in the process. A supernova is a massive and hot star to begin with, that tends to go through it's life cycle at high speed, and ending it's life in a cataclysmic explosion. Supernova remnants then collapse into a neutron star - a spinning, very hot pile of stellar ash, so dense that a teaspoonful of it would weigh thousands of tons. If the collapsed supernova star was big enough, it's gravity upon collapse is so intense than not even light can escape from it, and it becomes what is called a "Black Hole".
Comets are very cold objects with no atmospheres and very weak gravity. When they go close to the sun the violently eject jets of gas.
The sun
After a supernova of a very massive star, the core collapses to form either a neutron star or a black hole. The outer layers of the star are ejected into space, enriching the surrounding environment with heavy elements. A bright burst of radiation, known as a gamma-ray burst, may also be emitted during this process.
No, a meteor is a small piece of space rock that burns very brightly and with high temperature as it passes into our atmosphere at high speed.
Magnesium is an element that burns very brightly when ignited, producing a brilliant white light.
No. Stars of different sizes and composition have different luminosity (light) levels. A very big star will most likely be blue and shines very brightly, while small stars like white dwarf stars emit very white light, but are mostly very dim.
sodium sodium
Usually White or very brightly colored.
At very high temperatures, atoms and molecules in a substance shake violently due to increased thermal energy. This can cause particles to move rapidly and collide with each other, leading to an increase in kinetic energy and temperature.
predators can easily spot them.
Gem
Yes, It reacts very quickly and violently.
Yes, it reacts with the oxygen in the air and water very violently.
That it won't last long. Massive stars - like, several times the mass of our Sun - tend to shine very brightly, and thus use up their fuel very quickly, lasting only a few million years.