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Yes, physical and sometimes even chemical characteristics can be changed by subjecting a substance to high pressure.

Physical properties like state of substance, melting and boiling point, density, solubility etc can be changed by applying pressure. A gas below its critical temperature can be liquefied by pressure without cooling any further. Gases dissolve better in solvents when pressure on the surface of solvent is more( here pressure refers to pressure exerted by that gas).

You can see a cola bottle.when we open the bottle pressure decreases and carbon dioxide bubbles out. Melting point of ice decreases and boiling point of water increases( think of use of pressure cookers) with rise in pressure.

And yes chemical reactions are also affected by change in pressure especially those involving gases. Production of Ammonia is favoured at high pressure.

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