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Is it true that a change of state occurs when the thermal energy of a substance increases or decreases by a sufficient amount?
Yes. When substances are heated, they expand into liquids, gasses, or plasmas, and conversly, when cooled, they contract in the opposite manner. This is due to thermal properties of atomic structures. Heat causes an atom's electrons to reach higher orbits, and thus spread farther apart.
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What causes the particles of a substance to lose thermal energy?
The particles in a substance lose thermal energy as the temperature decreases, because the particles are moving and vibrating less.
How does density of a substance change with temperature and name a substance that does not strictly follow this rule.?
In general, as the temperature of a substance increases, it's density decreases. One exception of this is water. as liquid water approaches it's freezing point, the water molecules rearrange themselves into a lattice structure, actually making it less dense. This is why ice floats on top of water.
How does the density of Isopropyl alcohol change with temperature?
As temperature increases, the density of isopropyl alcohol decreases. This is due to the thermal expansion of the liquid, where the molecules move further apart, causing the density to decrease. Conversely, as temperature decreases, the density of isopropyl alcohol increases.
What happens to entropy when pressure decreases?
When pressure decreases, entropy increases. Increases in entropy correspond to pressure decreases and other irreversible changes in a system. Entropy determines that thermal energy always flows spontaneously from regions of higher temperature to regions of lower temperature, in the form of heat.
What happens to a substance as its thermal energy increases?
As thermal energy increases, the substance's particles move faster, leading to an increase in temperature. Eventually, the substance may undergo a phase change (e.g., melting or boiling) or undergo chemical reactions if the increase in energy is significant enough.
Does the substance become cooler when it absorbs thermal energy?
No, the substance absorbs thermal energy and its temperature increases, not decreases. Cooling occurs when the substance releases thermal energy.
When heat is added or removed from a substance where is the thermal energy going?
When heat is added to a substance, the thermal energy increases the kinetic energy of the particles in the substance, causing them to move faster. When heat is removed, the thermal energy decreases, and particles slow down. Therefore, the thermal energy is transferred to or from the particles in the substance, changing their motion and temperature.
What Explain what happens to the average kinetic energy, thermal energy, and temperature of a substance when the particles in the substance slow down.?
The particles in a substance slow down when the average kinetic energy of the particles decreases. As the average kinetic energy decreases, the internal energy decreases, and so the thermal energy decreases. As the thermal energy of the substance decreases, the temperature decreases.
Does freezing's thermal energy increase or decrease?
When a substance freezes, its thermal energy decreases. This is because the molecules within the substance slow down and move closer together as they form a solid structure.
When the kinetic energy of atoms increases thermal energy increases or decreases?
Thermal energy (temperature) is the measurement of kinetic energy of atoms moving in a substance, therefore, as the speed (kinetic energy) of these atoms increases, thermal energy increases as well.
What happens to the thermal energy of an object as temperature decreases as it increases?
As the temperature of an object decreases, its thermal energy also decreases because the particles within the object have less kinetic energy. Conversely, as the temperature increases, the thermal energy of the object increases as the particles move more rapidly, resulting in higher kinetic energy.
How is the themal energy of a substance?
The thermal energy of a substance is a measure of the total kinetic energy of its particles. It is directly proportional to the temperature of the substance. As the temperature increases, the thermal energy of the substance also increases.
What happens to the thermal energy of a substance as its temperature increases?
As the temperature of a substance increases, its thermal energy also increases. This leads to greater kinetic energy of the particles within the substance, causing them to move faster and creating more thermal energy.
What happens to the density of the substance during thermal expansion?
Thermal expansion is the tendency of matter to change in volume in response to change in temperature. During thermal expansion, the density of a substance decreases as its volume increases. Volume is the space occupied by a body. So, when a substance expands on heating, it will occupy more space or will have more volume. But its mass does not change because the amount of matter contained in a body cannot change. Therefore, mass divided by increased volume gives a decreased density.
How does the volume and density of a substance change when it is heated?
When a substance is heated, its volume generally increases due to thermal expansion. On the other hand, the density of the substance usually decreases since the same amount of matter now occupies a greater volume.
What is the relationship between thermal kinetic energy and the temperature of a substance?
The relationship between thermal kinetic energy and the temperature of a substance is that as the thermal kinetic energy of the particles in a substance increases, the temperature of the substance also increases. This is because temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance.
What is the temperature in a substance with a large amount of thermal energy?
The temperature of a substance with a large amount of thermal energy will be higher compared to a substance with lower thermal energy. Thermal energy is directly related to temperature, so as the amount of thermal energy increases, the average kinetic energy of the particles in the substance increases, leading to a higher temperature.
