the cleavage is Poor
Sapphire has a mixture of both cleavage and fracture characteristics. It has poor cleavage in one direction and conchoidal fracture, which means it breaks with smooth, curved surfaces similar to glass.
Shale typically exhibits a characteristic type of cleavage known as "slaty cleavage," which allows it to break along flat, parallel planes. This cleavage is a result of the alignment of platy minerals, such as clay, during the metamorphic process. The degree of cleavage can vary, but it is generally well-defined, allowing shale to be split into thin sheets. Overall, shale's cleavage is an important feature for its identification and uses in construction and geology.
Quartz has a conchoidal fracture. It does not have a cleavage plane.
Silver has neither cleavage nor fracture because it is malleable and ductile, meaning it can be shaped and stretched without breaking along specific planes like cleavage or irregularly like fracture.
Chalcopyrite does not have cleavage. It typically exhibits a conchoidal fracture instead of cleavage planes.
Quartz does not have cleavage. However, it does have fracture. Its fracture is conchoidal.
it has no cleavage
it has no cleavage
cleavage
Fracture
Hematite has a characteristic fracture, meaning it breaks irregularly with rough or jagged edges and no smooth cleavage planes.
Sapphire has a mixture of both cleavage and fracture characteristics. It has poor cleavage in one direction and conchoidal fracture, which means it breaks with smooth, curved surfaces similar to glass.
It has both: uneven fracture, and perfect cleavage in three directions.
It has both cleavage and fracture.
Cleavage
fracture
Shale typically exhibits a characteristic type of cleavage known as "slaty cleavage," which allows it to break along flat, parallel planes. This cleavage is a result of the alignment of platy minerals, such as clay, during the metamorphic process. The degree of cleavage can vary, but it is generally well-defined, allowing shale to be split into thin sheets. Overall, shale's cleavage is an important feature for its identification and uses in construction and geology.