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What is the sympathetic chain of collateral ganglia?
The sympathetic chain of collateral ganglia is a series of ganglia located alongside the vertebral column that house cell bodies of sympathetic neurons. They play a role in coordinating the sympathetic nervous system's response to stress and regulating functions like heart rate, blood pressure, and digestion.
What is the chain ganglia part of?
The chain ganglia are part of the autonomic nervous system. They are clusters of nerve cell bodies located along the spinal cord and are involved in the regulation of involuntary bodily functions such as heart rate, digestion, and breathing.
What cranial nerve innervates the heart?
The heart is primarily innervated by the autonomic nervous system, specifically through the vagus nerve, which is cranial nerve X. The vagus nerve provides parasympathetic innervation, helping to regulate heart rate and promote a state of rest and digest. Additionally, sympathetic innervation to the heart comes from the sympathetic chain ganglia, but the vagus nerve plays a crucial role in controlling heart function.
The preganglionic fibers that connect a spinal nerve with an autonomic ganglion in the thoracic and lumbar region of the spinal cord and carries visceral motor fibers that are myelinated form the?
The preganglionic fibers that connect a spinal nerve with an autonomic ganglion in the thoracic and lumbar regions of the spinal cord are part of the sympathetic nervous system. These fibers originate from the lateral horns of the spinal cord and are myelinated, allowing for rapid signal transmission. They typically travel through the ventral roots and enter the sympathetic chain or prevertebral ganglia to synapse with postganglionic neurons.
What are the principal molecules used in transporting electrons to the electron transport chain composed of?
The electron transport chain is composed of six proteins involved in respiration. It takes the hydrogen atoms derived from the Kreb's cycle to oxygen to form water.
What is the sympathetic chain of collateral ganglia?
The sympathetic chain of collateral ganglia is a series of ganglia located alongside the vertebral column that house cell bodies of sympathetic neurons. They play a role in coordinating the sympathetic nervous system's response to stress and regulating functions like heart rate, blood pressure, and digestion.
Does the sympathetic nervous system has ganglia near the organs or the spinal cord?
The sympathetic nervous system has ganglia located near the spinal cord, specifically in a structure known as the sympathetic chain or paravertebral ganglia. These ganglia are positioned in a chain-like arrangement alongside the spinal column. In contrast, the parasympathetic nervous system has ganglia that are located closer to or within the organs they innervate.
Which sympathetic fibers form the splanchnic nerve?
Sympathetic fibers that originate from the spinal cord levels T5-L2 form the splanchnic nerves. These fibers pass through the sympathetic chain ganglia without synapsing and project to the abdominal and pelvic viscera to regulate their functions.
Postganglionic fibers that innervate targets in the body wall or thoracic cavity originate on neurons within?
Postganglionic fibers that innervate targets in the body wall or thoracic cavity originate on neurons within the sympathetic chain ganglia (paravertebral ganglia) or prevertebral ganglia (e.g., celiac ganglion). These ganglia are part of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system and play a role in coordinating the body's fight-or-flight responses.
What are the fibers that enter and leave the sympathetic chain without synapsing form structures are called?
They are called splanchnic nerves. These nerves carry preganglionic fibers to the collateral ganglia where they synapse with postganglionic neurons.
What is the chain ganglia part of?
The chain ganglia are part of the autonomic nervous system. They are clusters of nerve cell bodies located along the spinal cord and are involved in the regulation of involuntary bodily functions such as heart rate, digestion, and breathing.
Why is the sympathetic chain also referred to as the paravertebral chain?
The sympathetic chain is also called the paravertebral chain because it runs parallel to the vertebral column. It consists of a series of ganglia connected by nerve fibers that regulate involuntary functions in the body. This chain plays a crucial role in the fight-or-flight response.
Why is sympathetic chain also referred to as the paravertebral chain?
Because the sympathetic chain lies adjacent (on anterior surface) of the vertebral bodies. Para is Latin for "next to".
List the division of the autonomic nervous system?
the autonomic nervous system (ANS) includes the peripheal nerves and ganglia on either side of the spinal cord ( note: some textbooks include the ANS as a division pf the peripheal nervous system both ways are correct.)
Gray rami communicantes connect to what two structures?
White rami communicantes (sing. ramus communicans) are literally white branches of communication between each spinal nerve and the sympathetic trunk. Their color is white because these lines of communication contain mainly myelinated nerve fibers of pre-ganglionic general visceral efferents from the spinal cord. Many of the pre-ganglionic nerve fibers synapse at the corresponding spinal segment level, and thus build a sympathetic ganglion at that level. Other pre-ganglionic white fibers either ascend or descend in the sympathetic trunk before synapsing in sympathetic ganglia above or below the spinal segment of origin. The sympathetic ganglia are literally knots in the sympathetic cord primarily containing cell bodies of the post-ganglionic neurons, whose axons are unmyelinated and gray in color. These unmyelinated post-ganglionic nerve fibers rejoin the spinal nerve at that level via the gray rami communicantes,as well as ascending or descending to adjacent levels. The white rami may also contain lightly myelinated sympathetic afferents whose cell bodies in the dorsal root ganglia synapse in the dorsal horn gray of the spinal cord. ANSWER: Carry preganglionic axons to the sympathetic chain
What cranial nerve innervates the heart?
The heart is primarily innervated by the autonomic nervous system, specifically through the vagus nerve, which is cranial nerve X. The vagus nerve provides parasympathetic innervation, helping to regulate heart rate and promote a state of rest and digest. Additionally, sympathetic innervation to the heart comes from the sympathetic chain ganglia, but the vagus nerve plays a crucial role in controlling heart function.
When a person is startled or sees a pleasurable object the pupils of the eye may dilate What division of the ANS is involved in this reaction Describe the nerve pathway involved?
The sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system is involved in dilation of the pupils in response to startling or pleasurable stimuli. The pathway involves activation of the sympathetic chain ganglia, leading to release of norepinephrine from postganglionic fibers that act on the dilator pupillae muscle in the eye, causing pupil dilation.
