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transcription occurs in the nucleus of a cell - enzymes make an RNA copy of the gene from DNA, and the RNA (called mRNA) is sent to the cytoplasm once it has been processed.
translation occurs after that - the mRNA that was moved to the cytoplasm becomes the template for amino acids to attach onto. ribosomes hold the mRNA while tRNA attach amino acids to the mRNA. Bonds form between the amino acids so that it becomes a chain.
What else can I help you with?
What does transcription and translation produce?
A polypeptide chain. This chain might need a little more adjustment before it becomes a fully functional protein.
What describes the process of transcription and where it happens?
Transcription is the process by which genetic information from DNA is copied into messenger RNA (mRNA). This occurs in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells, where RNA polymerase enzyme binds to a specific region of the DNA and synthesizes the mRNA strand complementary to the DNA template. Once synthesized, the mRNA then undergoes processing before being transported to the cytoplasm for translation into proteins. In prokaryotic cells, transcription occurs in the cytoplasm, as they lack a defined nucleus.
Why does transcription take place in the cytoplasm?
Transcription typically occurs in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells, where DNA is located, while translation takes place in the cytoplasm. However, in prokaryotic cells, transcription and translation occur simultaneously in the cytoplasm because they lack a defined nucleus. This proximity allows for a rapid response to environmental changes, as mRNA can be translated into proteins immediately after being synthesized. In eukaryotes, mRNA must first be processed and transported from the nucleus to the cytoplasm before translation can occur.
What process happens right after transcription ends?
After transcription ends, the newly synthesized mRNA undergoes several processing steps before it can be used for translation. This includes the addition of a 5' cap and a poly-A tail at the 3' end, which protect the mRNA from degradation and aid in its export from the nucleus. Additionally, introns are spliced out, and exons are joined together to form a mature mRNA molecule that can be translated into protein.
In which organelle is DNA kept and RNA transcript?
DNA is kept in the nucleus, while RNA transcription occurs in the nucleus before the mRNA moves to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm for translation.
Regulatory proteins can exert ther effects when before transcription during transcription after transcription during translation or all of these?
during translation
What are three differences between transcription in prokaryotes and transcription in eukaryotes?
In prokaryotes, transcription occurs in the cytoplasm since they lack a nucleus, while in eukaryotes, transcription occurs in the nucleus. Prokaryotic transcription is often coupled with translation, meaning ribosomes can start translating mRNA even before transcription is complete, whereas in eukaryotes, transcription and translation are spatially and temporally separated. Prokaryotic mRNA does not typically undergo extensive processing (such as splicing or capping) after transcription, whereas eukaryotic mRNA is extensively processed before being translated.
What does transcription and translation produce?
A polypeptide chain. This chain might need a little more adjustment before it becomes a fully functional protein.
What are the differences in the process of translation between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
In prokaryotes, translation occurs in the cytoplasm and can start before transcription is complete. In eukaryotes, translation occurs in the cytoplasm but the mRNA must first be processed and transported out of the nucleus before translation can begin. Additionally, eukaryotic ribosomes are larger and more complex than prokaryotic ribosomes.
How is bacterial translation different from eukaryotic translation?
Bacterial translation occurs in the cytoplasm and has fewer post-translational modifications. Eukaryotic translation occurs in the cytoplasm and on the endoplasmic reticulum, and involves more complex regulatory mechanisms and additional processing steps.
Which happens first messager RNA or transfer RNA?
Messenger RNA (mRNA) is synthesized during transcription in the nucleus before transfer RNA (tRNA) comes into play during translation in the cytoplasm. So, mRNA is produced first in the sequence of events.
What describes the process of transcription and where it happens?
Transcription is the process by which genetic information from DNA is copied into messenger RNA (mRNA). This occurs in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells, where RNA polymerase enzyme binds to a specific region of the DNA and synthesizes the mRNA strand complementary to the DNA template. Once synthesized, the mRNA then undergoes processing before being transported to the cytoplasm for translation into proteins. In prokaryotic cells, transcription occurs in the cytoplasm, as they lack a defined nucleus.
Protein synthesis in eukaryotes and prokaryotes?
Protein synthesis occurs in cellular structures called ribosomes , found out-side the nucleus. The process by which genetic information is transferred from the nucleus to the ribosomes is called transcription. During transcription, a strand of ribonucleic acid (RNA) is synthesized.
Why does transcription take place in the cytoplasm?
Transcription typically occurs in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells, where DNA is located, while translation takes place in the cytoplasm. However, in prokaryotic cells, transcription and translation occur simultaneously in the cytoplasm because they lack a defined nucleus. This proximity allows for a rapid response to environmental changes, as mRNA can be translated into proteins immediately after being synthesized. In eukaryotes, mRNA must first be processed and transported from the nucleus to the cytoplasm before translation can occur.
What are the key differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic translation processes?
In prokaryotic translation, the process occurs in the cytoplasm and can start before transcription is complete. Eukaryotic translation occurs in the cytoplasm and on ribosomes attached to the endoplasmic reticulum, and it requires the mRNA to be fully transcribed before translation can begin. Additionally, prokaryotic cells have a simpler translation process with fewer initiation factors compared to eukaryotic cells.
What process happens right after transcription ends?
After transcription ends, the newly synthesized mRNA undergoes several processing steps before it can be used for translation. This includes the addition of a 5' cap and a poly-A tail at the 3' end, which protect the mRNA from degradation and aid in its export from the nucleus. Additionally, introns are spliced out, and exons are joined together to form a mature mRNA molecule that can be translated into protein.
What are the two major steps to protein synthesis?
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