Most diseases are transmitted by air water and food comment?

Answer 1

The major routes of infections for most infectious disease agent include:-

1. Contact
2. Vehicles
3. Vector

In contact, transmission can be through direct, indirect or droplet contact.

Direct contact occurs when the disease is passed directly from source to host by physical contact.

Transmission may occur through kissing, touching or sexual intercourse.(eg: AIDS, Influenza, Common cold, Measles, etc.

When disease agent is transmitted from a reservoir to a host by a nonliving object, the process is called indirect transmission. The object to which the disease is transmitted is called a fomite and may commonly include eating utensils, syringes, tissues, toys, bedding's, etc. (eg: hepatitis, AIDS, etc)

Organisms such as the viruses involved with the common cold may be transmitted by droplet infections, whereby the organisms are contained within the mucous droplets that are expelled to the air when sneezing, coughing or even talking.

When disease agents are transmitted by various media such as air, water, food , intravenous fluids or blood, and drugs, this is referred to as vehicle transmission.

Airborne transmission refers to disease agents that travel greater than one meter in the air and are usually carried by dust particles or small droplets. Fungal spores, staphylococci and the measles virus can be transmitted through air.

Disease spread by water have usually been contaminated by human sewage or by animal waste that contains disease organisms.

Food-borne disease usually occurs when the food is improperly refrigerated or insufficiently heated which permits the disease organism to grow to numbers capable of producing toxins or invasive number of bacteria. In many cases the disease organism are carried in the flesh of a food product that has been previously infected(i.e tapeworm or trichinosis).

Vectors are animals that carry pathogens from one host to another, either from another human who is infected or from infected animal. Most vectors of significance to humans are arthropods including insects, Spiders and crabs.

For more detailed information refer Living with the Earth: Concepts in Environmental Health Science, Second Edition by Gary S. Moore

Answer 2

While many diseases can be transmitted through the air, water, and food, not all diseases are spread in this way. Some diseases are transmitted through direct contact with an infected person or animal, through vectors like mosquitoes or ticks, or through bodily fluids. It is important to practice good hygiene, handle food safely, and take precautions to prevent the spread of all types of diseases.