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The series of layers in the ground, known as soil horizons, typically consist of distinct levels: the top layer (O horizon) is rich in organic matter, followed by the A horizon (topsoil), which contains minerals and nutrients. Below that is the B horizon (subsoil), where minerals leach from the upper layers and accumulate. Finally, the C horizon consists of weathered rock and parent material, while the bedrock lies beneath these layers. Together, these layers contribute to soil health and ecosystem dynamics.

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What is The idea that the oldest rock will always be at the bottom layer of a series of rock layers called?

The idea that the oldest rock will always be at the bottom layer of a series of rock layers is known as the Law of Superposition. This geological principle states that in an undeformed sequence of sedimentary rocks, younger layers are deposited on top of older layers. It helps geologists determine the relative ages of rock formations and the fossils contained within them.


The name given to the margin of the earth below which the layers of soil are saturated with water?

The area you are referring to is called the water table. It marks the boundary between the saturated and unsaturated layers of soil in the ground.


The outermost layer consisting of ground tissue in a stem is called what?

The outermost layer of ground tissue in a stem is called the cortex. It helps protect the inner layers of the stem and provides structural support.


Where would the youngest rocks be found in an undisturbed layer of rocks?

In an undisturbed layer of rocks, the youngest rocks would be found at the top of the sequence. This is due to the principle of superposition, which states that in a series of sedimentary rock layers, older layers are deposited first and are subsequently covered by newer layers. Therefore, as you move upward through the layers, you encounter progressively younger rocks.


Why is it hot under the ground?

The Earth's core is very hot, reaching temperatures of over 5,000 degrees Celsius. This heat from the core gradually spreads throughout the layers of the Earth, causing the ground to be warm underground. Additionally, geothermal energy also contributes to the warmth under the ground.