Short note on fragmentation

Answer 1

Starvation is similar in effect to http://www.answers.com/topic/deadlock-game. Deadlock occurs when two programs each hold resources the other needs to finish, and neither is willing to give them up. Starvation occurs when one program holds resources the other needs, but is unwilling to give them up.

Answer 2

Fragmentation occurs when a file is stored in non-contiguous blocks on a disk, leading to slower access times as the disk head has to move around to gather all the pieces. There are two types: external fragmentation, where free space is scattered throughout the disk, and internal fragmentation, where allocated space within a block is not fully utilized. Fragmentation can be reduced through defragmentation processes that reorganize files for more efficient storage.