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the conductivity of a material depends on the transfer of electrons from valence band to conduction band ,

when the two atoms come closer their outer energy shells (that are active in transfer of electrons ) get divided into two levels valence band which is full of electrons of lower energy and conduction band which is empty of higher energy. The gap between the two levels is called the forbidden energy gap which is a deciding factor for conductivity.

for example in conductors these two bands overlap ,and in insulators there is a wide gap hence they are bad conductors ....

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βˆ™ 14y ago
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βˆ™ 6mo ago

Materials that are good conductors usually have loosely bound electrons that can move freely between atoms. This allows electricity to flow through the material easily as the electrons can transfer from one atom to another. Metals like copper and aluminum are examples of good conductors due to their electron mobility.

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Q: Some matirals are good counductors because they are able to easily transfer what patticals from one atom to another?
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