This is called "Recombination"
A hole is a place where an electron is missing. If an electron moves into that places, the electron will be missing somewhere else - the hole has moved along.A hole is a place where an electron is missing. If an electron moves into that places, the electron will be missing somewhere else - the hole has moved along.A hole is a place where an electron is missing. If an electron moves into that places, the electron will be missing somewhere else - the hole has moved along.A hole is a place where an electron is missing. If an electron moves into that places, the electron will be missing somewhere else - the hole has moved along.
Simply, that's because in most semiconductor materials when an electric field is applied the holes have lower mobility than that of the electrons which means the hole effective mass is larger than the electron effective mass. And you can clearly see the effect of that in semiconductor nanocrystals (or as they called sometimes "quantum dots"), the energy levels in the conduction band are further apart than what they are in the covalent band due the fact that the effective hole mass is larger .... Good luck Physics PhD student, University of Toledoooo!
The opposite process of thermal generation of electron-hole pairs is recombination, where the electron and hole recombine, resulting in the emission of energy, such as light or heat depending on the material. This process is common in semiconductors and is important for understanding the behavior of solar cells and light-emitting diodes.
In photosystem 2- water(photolysis) In photosystem 1 - electron from photosystem 2
I knew a watering hole called Brian. His brother was called Jim
When an electron is displaced in a semiconductor, the hole that is left behind is called an electron hole. Energy can still be conducted because other electrons can and do jump to the space left by a displaced electron.
Electron: It is a negative charged elementary particle. Hole: The vacant seat of electron is called hole. It can attract an electron jumping to holes. Therefore, location of holes keep changing. it is not an ion because it is created without the removal of electron.
A hole is a place where an electron is missing. If an electron moves into that places, the electron will be missing somewhere else - the hole has moved along.A hole is a place where an electron is missing. If an electron moves into that places, the electron will be missing somewhere else - the hole has moved along.A hole is a place where an electron is missing. If an electron moves into that places, the electron will be missing somewhere else - the hole has moved along.A hole is a place where an electron is missing. If an electron moves into that places, the electron will be missing somewhere else - the hole has moved along.
Simply, that's because in most semiconductor materials when an electric field is applied the holes have lower mobility than that of the electrons which means the hole effective mass is larger than the electron effective mass. And you can clearly see the effect of that in semiconductor nanocrystals (or as they called sometimes "quantum dots"), the energy levels in the conduction band are further apart than what they are in the covalent band due the fact that the effective hole mass is larger .... Good luck Physics PhD student, University of Toledoooo!
actually it is the holes which lead to the movement of the electron,as electron moves to the hole's place creating a hole behind.
A hole in a semiconductor has a net positive charge because it represents the absence of an electron, which has a negative charge. When an electron moves from its position to fill the hole, it leaves behind a positively charged location or "hole." This movement of electrons creates a current flow in the material.
p-type semiconductor A semiconductor that is missing electrons is called an electron hole.
p-type semiconductor A semiconductor that is missing electrons is called an electron hole.
p-type semiconductor A semiconductor that is missing electrons is called an electron hole.
A lack of electron
In an intrinsic semiconductor, a few electrons get thermally excited and break from their valence bond to become a free electron. This leaves behind a vacancy in its place called 'hole'. In a P-type semiconductor, B with 3 electrons replaces a Si atom with 4 electrons in the lattice. 3 covalent bonds are formed by B with 3 neighbouring Si. But there is a deficiency of one electron in B for bonding with the 4th Si. This deficiency/vacancy is called a hole. When an electric potential difference is present, the electrons from adjacent valence bond moves into the vacancy near it while moving along the potential. The following represents the movement of valence electron. Terminology: * represents valence electron _ represents hole A is -ve and B is +ve. ..I A * * * _ * * * B .II A * * _ * * * * B III A * _ * * * * * B .IV A _ * * * * * * B I- Hole is at the 4th position. II- At first, the 3rd electron from left shifts right to fill the vacancy and leaves behind a vacancy in its place. The vacancy is at the 3rd position. III- Next, the 2nd electron from left has shifted to the 3rd place and filled up that vacancy but leaves a vacancy at its place. The vacancy is at 2nd position. IV- Now, the 1st electron from left moves to occupy the vacancy at the 2nd position creating another vacancy in its own place. The vacancy is at 1st position. As the electrons moved right, the vacancy moved left. The vacancy is called a hole (just a shorter name for convenience). The movement of holes is really the movement of electron in the valence band. Therefore, the mobility of a hole is indirectly the mobility of valence electrons. Mobility is the velocity acquired per unit electric field. In the intrinsic and N type semiconductors, many free electrons are present i.e. electrons in conduction band which are free to move in the crystal as against valence electrons which can only move in the lattice points. When an electric field is applied, both the valence electrons and the free electrons move in the same direction. The hole direction is opposite to that of valence electron but the mobility is the same, as explained earlier. Even for the same electric field, valence electrons cannot move as freely as the free electrons because its movement is restricted. Therefore, the velocity of valence electrons is less compared to free electrons. In other words, the velocity of holes is less compared to free electrons. This means mobility is also less for a hole compared to free electron. Thus, mobility of a free-electron (often abbreviated as 'electron') is greater than that of a hole (indirectly referring to valence electron).
In a semiconductor material, free electrons and holes can conduct electricity. Free electrons are negatively charged particles that move in response to an electric field, creating an electron flow or current. Holes are spaces within the crystal lattice where an electron is missing, and they behave as positively charged carriers that can also move in response to an electric field, contributing to the overall current flow. Both free electrons and holes play a role in conducting electricity in semiconductors.