Electronic circuits have also been built using superconductors and powerful superconducting electromagnets are used in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Also, very low electrical-loss components, known as filters, based on ceramic superconductors have been developed for wireless communications.
Low temperatures for superconductivity can be reached by using techniques such as liquid helium or liquid nitrogen cooling. These coolants are able to chill materials down to the extremely low temperatures required for superconductivity, typically below a critical temperature specific to each material. Other methods, such as magnetic cooling or adiabatic demagnetization, can also be used to achieve low temperatures for superconductivity in some cases.
Superconductivity is a purely quantum mechanical phenomenon. And as all quantum mechanical effects it disappears at high temperatures and/or large scale. One of ways to see quantum effects is to lower the temperature (in this case it's only way).
Type 1 superconductors are metallic elements or alloys that exhibit superconductivity at very low temperatures. They are classified as Type I superconductors based on their behavior when subjected to a magnetic field, displaying a sudden loss of superconductivity above a certain critical magnetic field strength. Examples include lead and mercury.
If you mean zero electrical resistance for an electromagnet, this is possible with superconductivity. This can be achieved for certain materials at fairly low temperatures - typically a few kelvin.
Ohm's law states that the current flowing through a conductor is directly proportional to the voltage applied across it and inversely proportional to its resistance. Superconductivity is a property observed in certain materials where they exhibit zero electrical resistance below a critical temperature. In superconductors, Ohm's law is not applicable as there is no resistance to impede the flow of current, resulting in the potential for an infinite current to flow in a closed circuit without needing a voltage difference.
applications of superconductivity
The lower the temperature, the higher the degree of superconductivity.
It was the Dutch physicist Heike Kamerlingh Onnes who discovered superconductivity in 1911.
Werner Buckel has written: 'Superconductivity' -- subject(s): Superconductivity
Ernest A Lynton has written: 'Superconductivity' -- subject(s): Superconductivity
Superconductivity (reducing electromagnetic resistance (ohms) to nearly zero, which allows minimal energy loss and the ability to be a super-magnet).
J. B. Ketterson has written: 'Superconductivity' -- subject(s): Superconductors, Superconductivity
avoid resistance
Charles Goethe Kuper has written: 'An introduction to the theory of superconductivity' -- subject(s): Superconductivity
Low temperatures for superconductivity can be reached by using techniques such as liquid helium or liquid nitrogen cooling. These coolants are able to chill materials down to the extremely low temperatures required for superconductivity, typically below a critical temperature specific to each material. Other methods, such as magnetic cooling or adiabatic demagnetization, can also be used to achieve low temperatures for superconductivity in some cases.
William L Johnson has written: 'Superconductivity in metal-semiconductor eutectic alloys' -- subject(s): Metal oxide semiconductors, Superconductivity
Emanuel Kaldis has written: 'High-Tc superconductivity 1996' -- subject(s): Congresses, High temperature superconductivity, Copper oxide superconductors