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An electric current has three 'effects'. These are (1) heating effect, (2) chemical effect, and (3) magnetic effect.

Any one of these effects can be used to define the unit of measurement for electric current, the ampere.

Until around 1947, for example, the 'chemical effect' was used -i.e. the ampere was based on the mass of silver deposited on an electrode during electrolysis.

Since then, the 'magnetic effect' has been used -i.e. the ampere is based on the force between two current-carrying conductors, due to their surrounding magnetic fields.

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